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Social Problems
Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Family | a social institution that unites individuals into cooperative groups that care for members, regulate sexual relations, and oversee the bearing and raising of children |
| Kinship | a social bond, typically based on blood, marriage, or adoption, that joins individuals into family |
| Nuclear Family | one or two parents and their children |
| Extended Family | Parents and children and also grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins who often live close to one another and operate as a family unit |
| Marriage | a lawful relationship -- expected to be lasting -- involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and usually, childbearing |
| Families of Affinity | people with or without legal or blood ties who feel they belong together and want to define themselves as a family |
| Cohabitation | The sharing of a household by an unmarried couple |
| Blended Families | Families in which children have some combination of biological parents and step-parents |
| In Vitro (in glass) Fertilization | uniting eggs and sperm in a laboratory |
| Surrogate Motherhood | An arrangement by which a women carries and bears a child for another |
| Education | the social institution by which society transmits knowledge -- including basic facts and job skills, as well as cultural norms and values -- to its members |
| Schooling | Formal instruction carried out by specially trained teachers |
| Literacy | The Ability to read, write, and do basic arithmetic |
| Functional Illiteracy | The inability to read and write or do basic arithmetic well enough to carry out daily responsabilities |
| Cultural Capital | Social experiences and opportunites that enhance a sutdent's ability to learn |
| Tracking | The policy of assigning students to different educational programs |
| Bilingual Education | A policy of offering most classes in students' native language while also teaching them English |
| Mainstreaming | Intergrating special students into the overall education program |
| Self-fulfilling Prophecy | A situation in which people who are defined in one way eventually think and act as if the definition were true |
| Hidden Curriculum | Explicit and subtle presentations of political or cultural ideas in the classroom that support the status quo |
| Charter Schools | Public schools that are given more freedom to try out new policies and programs |
| Magnet Schools | Public schools that offer special facilities and programs in pursuit of educational excellence |
| School Voucher Program | A program that provides parents with funds they can use at a public school or private school of their choice |
| Suburbs | Urban areas beyond the political boundaries of cities |
| Megalopolis | A vast urban region containing a number of cities and their surrounding suburbs |
| Urban Sprawl | Rapid, unplanned, and low-density development at the edge of urban areas |
| Public Housing | high-density apartment buildings constructed to house poor people |
| Supportive Housing | a program that combines low-income housing with on-site social services |
| Gemeinschaft | a type of social organization in which people are closely bound by kinship and tradition |
| Gesellschaft | a type of social organization in which people interact on the basis of self-interest |
Created by:
shutterbug2000