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What is the conjugation of bilirubin?
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Who is least likely to develop high levels of bilirubin?
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Nursing215newborn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the conjugation of bilirubin? | It is the process of changing bilirubin from a fat soluble to a water soluble product |
| Who is least likely to develop high levels of bilirubin? | Infants who are breast fed during the first few hours of life |
| Which stool is passed in the first 24 hours of life? | MEconium |
| In examining an infant for developmental dysplasia of the hip , what sign indicates incomplete development of the acetabulum? | Asymmetric thigh and gluteal creases |
| This reflex causes the toes to flare outward and the big toe to dorsiflex. | Babinski |
| _____-Refers to the posture assumed by newborns when in a supine position | Tonic neck reflex or fencing reflex |
| This reflex occurs when infants are held upright with their heel touching a solid surface and the infant appears to be walking | The Stepping reflex |
| _______Is similar to the palmar grasp reflex :when the area below the toes is touched ,the infant's toes curl over the examiner's fingers | The Plantar grasp reflex |
| _______are characterized by bleeding between the bone and its covering,the periosteum | Cephalohematoma |
| ______this is a benign rash of unknown cause that consists of blotchy red areas | Erythema toxicum |
| Peeling ,cracking and dryness and a few visible veins are signs of maturity in the newborn | Yes they are signs of gestational maturity |
| What principle is priority in teaching cord care? | Keep the cord dry it will decrease bacterial growth |
| When is breast feeding contraindicted? | HIV |
| When caring for a posterm baby, the Hematocrit is elevated. What causes the elevated hematocrit? | Hypoxia in utero causes the production of more red blood cells |
| What is pathological jaundice? | It appears in the first 24 hours and leads to kernicturis. It is often due to a patholigical condition ,such as RH incompatibility |
| How many kilocalories does the full term baby need? | The term newborn needs 110 to 120 kcal/kg to meet nutritional needs each day. |
| _____causes the milk let down reflex,increase in response to nipple stimulation | Oxytocin |
| How many ounces will an infant on a 4 hour feeding schedule need to tak to meet caloric needs? | The newborn requires approximately 19 to 21 ounces of formula each day |
| How do you treat breast engorgement? | Breast feed frequently and for adequate lengths of time . Engorgement occurs when the breasts are not adequately emptied at each feeding |
| This disorder primarily occurs in term infants, especially if delivered by cesarean section,because they have not experienced the mechanical squeeze that occurs during a vaginal delivery? | Transient tachypnea of the newborn |
| _________aspiration of meconium into the tracheobronchial tree during the first few breaths after delivery in a term neonate | Meconium aspiration syndrome |
| MEconium aspiration syndrome can lead to persistent pulmonary hypertension true or false | True |
| The etiology of the disorder is intestinal ischemia related to shunting of blood to the brain and heart in response to fetal or neonatal distress | Necrotizing enterocolitis |
| ______--is caused by prolonged exposure to high concentration of oxygen and causes hemorrhage within the retina and leads to retinal detachment and loss of vision | Retinopathy of prematurity |
| What is brachial paralysis of the upper portion of the arm? | Erb-Ducheene Paralysis |
| This is birth weight below the 10th percentile? | Small for gestational age |
| What is birth weight over 90th percentile and what is its primary cause | Large for gestational age and primarily occurs in infants of diabetic mothers |
| What causes the paralysis in Erb Duchenne paralysis? | It is related to stretching or pulling the head away from shoulder during a difficult delivery. Moro reflex is absnet on affected side |
| _______Swelling of tissue over the presenting part of the fetal head caused by pressure during labor,crosses suture lines | Caput succedaneum |
| _______ a protective cheese like white like substance present on the fetal skin, decreases with increased gestational age | Vernix caseosa |
| This is a rapid labor and delivery of less than 3 hours from the beginning of dilation to the birth of the infant | Precipitate labor and delivery |
| A newborn's hands and feet are blue which can be a common and temporary finding. | Acrocyanosis |
| A baby hears a loud noise and symmetrically abducts and extends his arms, fingers fan out and form a C with thumb and forefinger and has a slight tremor. | The Moro reflex |
| If a pregnant mom with preterm labor is on terbutaline, what intervention should be done to identify side effects? | Assess breath sounds |
| Kernicterus occurs if_______ | bilirubin is deposited in the brain |
| What should be included in the plan of care for an infant experiencing drug withdrawal? | Swaddling the infant snugly and holding tightly |
| What is lanugo? | Fine downy hair present on the newborn's skin |
| What are milia? | Irregular areas of deep blue pigmentation,usually in sacral and gluteal regions of the newborn |
| What does the stool of a breast fed infant look like? | Pale yellow to golden; pasty consistency |
| What does formula fed infant stools look like? | Pale yellow to light brown;firmer in consistency with more offensive odor |
| What are clinical signs seen in necrotizing enterocolitis? | Increased abdominal girth, increased gastric residual, and positve stool hematest |
| What should you watch the newborn of diabetic mother for? | Hypoglycemia |
| Preterm babies who have a patent ductus arteriosus may have therapy that includes the administation of___________ | Indomethacin |
| What are some causes of prolapsed cord? | Fetus is not firmly engaged allowing room for the cord to move beyond (the prolapse) or alongside the presenting part |
| What are some contributing factors to prolapsed cord? | Rupture of membranes before fetus is fully engaged, small fetus, breech presentation ,multifetal pregnancy, transverse lie |
| How should you position the mother with a prolapsed cord? | Hips higher than her head A. Knee-chest position Trendelenberg |
| What is preterm labor? | Contractions occurring between 20 to 37 weeks |
| What are signs of premature or preterm labor?? | Contractions occurring every 10 minutes or less with or without pain. Low abdominal cramping with or without diarrhea, intermittent sensation of pelvic pressure, low backache pain. Leaking amniotic fluid, increased vaginal discharge |
| What are some risks with a precipitate labor and birth | Hemorrhage, cervical ,vaginal, or rectal lacerations |
| What are Epstein pearls? | Small white specks on the gum line of newborns |
| An acceptable guideline for the use and storage of canned formula is________ | Formula in an open can should be used or discarded in 24 hours |
| If a newborn who is bottle fed regurgitates small amount of formula. Is this normal? | Yes. It is common caused by immature sphincter or ovwerfeeding |
| Infants of mothers with positive HbsAg should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) 0.5 ml IM within the first 12 hours of life True or False | True |
| The first hepatitis B vaccine should be given within________ | 12 hours of life |
| List some teaching points to prevent the maternal fetal transmission of toxoplasmosis. | Use good handwashing, Avoid eating raw meat, Avoid exposure to cat litter during pregnancy, Have toxoplasmosis titer checked prenatally if cats live in household |
| How may calories does the newborn require? | The newborn requires 110 to 120 kcal/kg |
| List an intervention to prevent breast engorgement. | Breast feed frequently and for adequate length of time |
| What is the first step in teaching the new mother breastfeeding or bottle feeding | The nurse should first assess the woman's knowledge and skill in breast feeding or bottle feeding to determine teaching needs |
| What are the signs of amniotic fluid embolism in a OB patient? | 1. Acute hypotension or cardiac arrest 2. Acute hypoxia 3. Coagulopathy or severe hemorrhage in the absence of other explanations |
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bdragich1