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unit 3-section 1
vocab words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mendeleev | Russian chemist who first devised and published the periodic table of the elements |
| Heisenberg | German physicist and a founder of quantum mechanics |
| Schrodinger | Austrian physicist who discovered the wave equation |
| Moseley | British physicist who determined that the atomic number of an element can be deduced from the element's x-ray spectrum |
| Electron cloud | picture of an electron state in which the charge is thought of as being smeared out, with the resulting charge density distribution corresponding to the probability distribution function associated with the Schrödinger wave function |
| Energy level | the energy characteristic of a stationary state of a physical system, especially a quantum mechanical system |
| Sublevels | orbitals have characteristic shapes which can be used to explain and predict the chemical bonds that atoms can form |
| Orbitals | the wave function of an electron in an atom or molecule, indicating the electron's probable location |
| Aufbau Principle | used to determine the electron configuration of an atom, molecule or ion |
| Hund's Rule | refers to a simple set of rules used to determine which is the term symbol that corresponds to the ground state of a multi-electron atom |
| Pauli Exclusion Principle | the principle that two identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state in a body such as an atom |
| Periodic Law | the principle that the properties of the elements recur periodically as their atomic numbers increase |
| Periodic table | a tabular arrangement of the elements according to their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties are in the same column |
| Electron Affinity | a measure of the ability of an atom or molecule to form a negative ion, expressed as the energy released when an electron is attached |
| Electronegativity | a measure of the ability of a specified atom to attract electrons in a molecule |
| Ionization energy | the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from a given kind of atom or molecule to an infinite distance |
| Atomic radius | half the distance between the nuclei of two like atoms that are covalently bonded |
| Ionic radius | a measure of the size of an atom's ion in a crystal lattice |
| Cation | an ion or group of ions having a positive charge and characteristically moving toward the negative electrode in electrolysis |
| Anion | a negatively charged ion, especially the ion that migrates to an anode in electrolysis |
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