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Electricity COSMO
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a form of energy that, when in motion exhibits magnetic, chemical or thermal effects | electricity |
| the particle moving/flowing in electricity | electrons |
| source of electrons in electricity, occupies space and has mass | matter |
| any substance that easily transmits electricity; electrons free to move | conductor |
| any substance that does not easily conduct electricity; electrons held tightly | insulator (nonconductor) |
| the flow of electricity along a conductor | electric current |
| path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source | complete circuit |
| a constant, even flowing current that flows in ONE direction only | Direct current |
| a rapid and interrupted current flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction. | alternating current |
| changes DC into AC | converter |
| changes AC into DC | rectifier |
| is the unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor | volt (voltage) |
| is the unit that measures the amount of an electric current (# of electrons flowing through a conductor) | amp (ampere) |
| one thousandth of an ampere | milliampere |
| a unit that measures the resistance of an electric current | Ohm |
| a measurement of how much electrical energy is being used in 1 second | Watt |
| 1,000 watts | kilowatt |
| a special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit that will melt or blow if circuit is overloaded | fuse |
| a switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload | circuit breaker |
| indicates the negative or positive pole of an electrode | polarity |
| an applicator for directing electric current from the machine to the client’s skin | electrode |
| another term for direct current | galvanic current |
| is the electrode used on the areas to be treated | active electrode |
| introduces water soluble products into the skin with electric current (types: cata- & anaphoresis) | iontophoresis |
| infuses acidic products into deeper tissues from + toward – pole | cataphoresis |
| infuses alkaline products into tissues from the – toward the + pole. used to soften grease deposits (oil) and blackheads in the hair follicles (type of anaphoresis) | anaphoresis (desincrustation) |
| heat producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration | tesla high frequency current |
| pole that produces acidic reactions, closes the pores, soothes the nerves, decreases blood supply, contracts blood vessels, hardens and firms tissues. | positive pole (anode) |
| pole that produces alkaline reactions, opens the pores, stimulates and irritates the nerves, increases blood supply, expands blood vessels, & softens tissues | negative pole (cathode) |
| radiant energy, travels in waves | electromagnetic radiation |
| distance between two successive peaks | wavelength |
| 60% of natural sunlight, Longer wavelengths Penetrates deeper, Produces more heat than visible light | infrared light |
| 35% of natural sunlight…light we can see | visible light |
| combination of all visible rays of the spectrum | white light |
| 5% of natural sunlight…aka cold rays or actinic rays, Short wavelengths, Penetrate less, Produce less heat, Germicidal benefits | ultraviolet light |
| used to speed up reactions reactions by lowering the energy needed to run the reaction. Can be electricity, heat, light energy or chemicals | catalyst |
| distance between two wavelengths | waveform |
| : a process that turns the light from the laser into heat. | photothermolysis |
| Different currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments | modalities |
| an extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses of the nervous system | microcurrent |
| therapy-application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal | light therapy |
| is a medical device that works by releasing light onto the skin to stimulate specific responses at precise depths of skin tissue | light-emitting diode |
| use electromagnetic radiation to focus all light power to a specific depth and in one direction within the skin, using the same color of light | Laser |
| a medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths of focused light to treat spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea and redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles and pores, and excessive hair. | intense pulse light |
| color component in skin tissue such as melanin or blood | chromophore |
| longest wavelength of UV spectrum. Penetrates dermis and damages collagen and elastin. Used in Tanning beds | UVA light |
| called the ‘burning’ light, associated with sunburns | UVB light |
| blocked by ozone layer. Shortest wavelengths of UV light, but if ozone layer was depleted these could do a the most damage | UVC light |
| completes an electric circuit and carries the current safely away | grounding |
Created by:
kcarpenter