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chem 120
chapter 5,6,7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Force = | mass X acceleration |
| What is the Si unit of force | Newton |
| Pressure | Force/area |
| 1 atm in Pascals | 101,325 Pa |
| Boyle's Law | The pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to the volume the gas occupies. |
| Pressure X Volume = | Constant |
| Charles law | At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature in K of the gas |
| Avogadro's law | For aq gas at a constant temperature and pressure the volume is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas |
| The ideal gas law | Is a combination of all three gas laws pv=nRT |
| Dalton's law of partial pressure | For a mixture of gases in a container the total pressure is the sum of the pressure that each gas would exert if it were alone |
| Temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of a gas |
| Diffusion | relates to the mixing of the gases |
| Effusion | relates to the passag of a gas through an oriface into an evacuated chamber. |
| energy | The capacity to produce work or heat |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion= 1/2 mass X(velocity)^2 |
| Potential Energy | Energy that can be converted into useful work |
| Heat | Involves the transfer of energy between two objects |
| System | that which we are foccusing on |
| Surroundings | everything else in the univerese |
| Exothermic | Energy (as heat) flows out of the system |
| Endothermic | Energy (as heat ) flows into the system |
| When a system expands | it is doing positive work on the surroundings and negative work on the system |
| When the system contracts | the surroundings have work done on the system there is positive work done on the system |
| w= | -P X delta V |
| The first law or The law of conservation | energy can be converted from one form to another but it can be neither created nor destroyed |
| Delta E = | Q (heat) + W (work) |
| Wavelength | Is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave |
| Frequency | The number of waves per second that pass a given point in space |
| Speed of light | (c) is in meters per second |
| Planck's constant | 6.626*10^-34 |
| Heisenburgs Uncertainty Principle | There is a limit to just how precise we can know both the posistion and mommentum of a particle at any given time |
| Hunds rule | The lowest energy configuration for an atom is the one having the maximum number of unpaired electrons for a set of degenerate orbitals |
| H+ | Hydrogen |
| Li+ | Lithium |
| Na+ | Sodium |
| K+ | Pottasium |
| Cs+ | Cesium |
| Be2+ | Berryllium |
| Mg2+ | Magnesium |
| Ca2+ | Calcium |
| Ba2+ | Barium |
| Al3+ | Aluminum |
| H- | Hydride |
| F- | Flouride |
| Cl- | chloride |
| Br- | Bromide |
| I- | Iodide |
| O2- | Oxide |
| S2- | Sulfide |
| N3- | Nitride |
| P3-` | Phosphide |
| Hg2^2+ | Mercury (I) |
| NH4+ | Ammonium |
| NO2- | Nitrite |
| NO3- | Nitrate |
| SO3^2- | Sulfite |
| SO4^2- | Sulfate |
| Hso4- | Hydrogen Sulfate |
| OH- | Hydroxide |
| CN- | Cyanide |
| PO4^3- | Phosphte |
| HPO4^2- | Hydrogen Phosphate |
| H2PO4- | Dihydrogen Phosphate |
| NCS- | Thiocynate |
| CO3^2- | Carbonate |
| HCO3- | Hydrogen Carbonate |
| ClO- | Hypochlorite |
| ClO2- | Chlorite |
| ClO3- | Chlorate |
| ClO4- | Perchlorate |
| C2H3O2- | Acetate |
| MnO4- | Permanganate |
| Cr2O7^2- | Dichromate |
| CrO4^2- | Chromate |
| O2^2- | Peroxide |
| C2O4^2- | Oxalate |
| S2O3^2- | Thiosulfate |
| Mono | 1 |
| Di | 2 |
| tri- | 3 |
| tetra | 4 |
| penta | 5 |
| hexa | 6 |
| hepta | 7 |
| octa | 8 |
| nona | 9 |
| deca | 10 |
| Nitrate - Soluble or Insoluble | soluble |
| Alkali Metals (Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, NH4)- Soluble or Insoluble | soluble |
| Chloride, Bromide, Iodide - Soluble or Insoluble | soluble except Ag, Pb, Hg2 |
| Sulfate - Soluble or Insoluble | soluble except Ba, Pb, Hg2, Ca |
| Hydroxide - Soluble or Insoluble | insoluble except Na, K |
| Sulfide, Carbonate, Chromate, Phosphate - Soluble or Insoluble | insoluble except Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, NH4 |
Created by:
kimberly73