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chem 120

chapter 5,6,7

QuestionAnswer
Force = mass X acceleration
What is the Si unit of force Newton
Pressure Force/area
1 atm in Pascals 101,325 Pa
Boyle's Law The pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to the volume the gas occupies.
Pressure X Volume = Constant
Charles law At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature in K of the gas
Avogadro's law For aq gas at a constant temperature and pressure the volume is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas
The ideal gas law Is a combination of all three gas laws pv=nRT
Dalton's law of partial pressure For a mixture of gases in a container the total pressure is the sum of the pressure that each gas would exert if it were alone
Temperature a measure of the average kinetic energy of a gas
Diffusion relates to the mixing of the gases
Effusion relates to the passag of a gas through an oriface into an evacuated chamber.
energy The capacity to produce work or heat
Kinetic Energy The energy of motion= 1/2 mass X(velocity)^2
Potential Energy Energy that can be converted into useful work
Heat Involves the transfer of energy between two objects
System that which we are foccusing on
Surroundings everything else in the univerese
Exothermic Energy (as heat) flows out of the system
Endothermic Energy (as heat ) flows into the system
When a system expands it is doing positive work on the surroundings and negative work on the system
When the system contracts the surroundings have work done on the system there is positive work done on the system
w= -P X delta V
The first law or The law of conservation energy can be converted from one form to another but it can be neither created nor destroyed
Delta E = Q (heat) + W (work)
Wavelength Is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave
Frequency The number of waves per second that pass a given point in space
Speed of light (c) is in meters per second
Planck's constant 6.626*10^-34
Heisenburgs Uncertainty Principle There is a limit to just how precise we can know both the posistion and mommentum of a particle at any given time
Hunds rule The lowest energy configuration for an atom is the one having the maximum number of unpaired electrons for a set of degenerate orbitals
H+ Hydrogen
Li+ Lithium
Na+ Sodium
K+ Pottasium
Cs+ Cesium
Be2+ Berryllium
Mg2+ Magnesium
Ca2+ Calcium
Ba2+ Barium
Al3+ Aluminum
H- Hydride
F- Flouride
Cl- chloride
Br- Bromide
I- Iodide
O2- Oxide
S2- Sulfide
N3- Nitride
P3-` Phosphide
Hg2^2+ Mercury (I)
NH4+ Ammonium
NO2- Nitrite
NO3- Nitrate
SO3^2- Sulfite
SO4^2- Sulfate
Hso4- Hydrogen Sulfate
OH- Hydroxide
CN- Cyanide
PO4^3- Phosphte
HPO4^2- Hydrogen Phosphate
H2PO4- Dihydrogen Phosphate
NCS- Thiocynate
CO3^2- Carbonate
HCO3- Hydrogen Carbonate
ClO- Hypochlorite
ClO2- Chlorite
ClO3- Chlorate
ClO4- Perchlorate
C2H3O2- Acetate
MnO4- Permanganate
Cr2O7^2- Dichromate
CrO4^2- Chromate
O2^2- Peroxide
C2O4^2- Oxalate
S2O3^2- Thiosulfate
Mono 1
Di 2
tri- 3
tetra 4
penta 5
hexa 6
hepta 7
octa 8
nona 9
deca 10
Nitrate - Soluble or Insoluble soluble
Alkali Metals (Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, NH4)- Soluble or Insoluble soluble
Chloride, Bromide, Iodide - Soluble or Insoluble soluble except Ag, Pb, Hg2
Sulfate - Soluble or Insoluble soluble except Ba, Pb, Hg2, Ca
Hydroxide - Soluble or Insoluble insoluble except Na, K
Sulfide, Carbonate, Chromate, Phosphate - Soluble or Insoluble insoluble except Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, NH4
Created by: kimberly73
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