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Psych 3230-3
Test #4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A person who has conversion disorder where the symptom is blindness | a. Is likely to walk around an unfamiliar room without bumping into things |
| Sociocognitive theory | a. Explains why symptoms of DID are often not seen until after treatment is initiated |
| Conditions involving physical complaints or disabilities in the absence of any physical pathology that could account for them are | Somatoform disorders |
| Why has the term “multiple personality disorder” been replaced with “dissociative identity disorder”? | Fully developed personalities are not present in DID, just varying expressions of different aspects of the patient’s personality |
| Which is a good clue that person has conversion disorder rather than a true physical disorder? | Their symptoms don’t match the symptoms of the particular disease |
| Body dysphormic disorder is thought to be related to | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorders |
| What neurotransmitter seems to be involved in both eating disorders and depression? | Serotonin |
| Which of the following accounts for more morbidity and mortality than all eating disorders combined? | a. Obesity |
| Which best describes trends in actual and ideal weight in American young women? | While the weight of the average women is increasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is decreasing |
| The text presented the case of Nicole, a college student with bulimia nervosa. She is typical of such individuals because she | Experienced shame, guilt, and self-deprecation |
| The allostatic load is | The biological cost of adapting to stress |
| Cytokines are | a. Chemical messengers that allow immune cells to communicate with each other |
| Which of the following may be detrimental to health? | Holding a grudge |
| An example of dissociative trance disorders is | A person who believes they are at time possessed by a spirit and is extremely upset because of this |
| Gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity as a shoe salesman. He suffers from | Dissociative fugue |
| In which of the following countries is the prevalence of obesity the highest? | United States |
| Which is not an accepted explanation for why African-Americans have higher rates of essential hypertension than European Americans? | a. Physicians are more likely to diagnose hypertension in this population because they expect to see it. |
| Recent estimates suggest that those with DID have | Over ten identities |
| Elena binges on high calorie food and then makes herself throw up. She feels terribly ashamed and horrified by what she does. You would predict | a. She will not stop because her vomiting is reinforced by anxiety reduction |
| Cortisol can be used to | Reduce inflammation |
| The treatment goal for most therapists who treat dissociative identity disorder is | Integration of the alter personalities |
| What diagnosis is given when physical symptoms are deliberately faked or exaggerated for no apparent reason? | a. Malingering |
| People with predominantly psychogenic (psychologically caused) paid tend to | Report less pain than people who somatoform disorder is related to a medical condition |
| Your textbook authors report that rigorously designed and controlled studies on the treatment of dissociative identity disorder | Are non-existent |
| Derealization experiences frequently accompany | Depersonalization disorder |
| A potential diathesis for the development of DID may be | All of the above (being fantasy-prone, readily hypnotizable, highly suggestible) |
| All of the following are amongst the most common alter roles except | a. The victim |
| What do the somatoform disorders and dissociative disorders have in common? | Both appear to be ways of alleviating anxiety |
| 30. When it comes to effectiveness of treatment for dissociative disorders, we know | Very little |
| After learning of her father’s death, Sophia felt dazed and confused. When speaking of her response to the news, she said she felt like she was in a movie watching the events happen to her. What can be said of this? | She experienced an instance of derealization |
| Kyle has just learned that his wife of 20 years has hated him the whole time. His boss has demoted him and he may need to declare bankruptcy. This sets the stage for… | Fugue |
| It was once called hysteria. It involves symptoms of some physical malfunction or loss of control in the absence of any underlying pathology. Today it is called | a. Conversion disorder |
| Body dysmorphic disorder differs from the other somatoform disorder in that | Sufferers do not want attention drawn to their physical defect |
| All of the following are associated with DID except | Psychosis |
| A lack of concern about a physical disability is a characteristic of individuals with | Conversion disorder |
| In what was Freud’s view of conversion disorder consistent with behavioral theories? | He believed that the symptoms of conversion disorder were maintained by the relief of anxiety they provided |
| Which of the following is most commonly true of the host identity of DID? | It is not the original identity |
| Following the rejection of his latest novel, Jim experienced an inability to make some movements with his right hand… What is unique? | Jim is male |
| Brigid has been diagnosed with DID. Brigid is the host personality. We can expect that the alter identities | Are strikingly different from Brigid |
| Individuals who do not show a decrease in cortisol levels in response to an injection of dexamethasone | Have an HPA axis that is not functioning normally |
| Octavia has been diagnosed with DID. She has seventeen different alters which are strikingly different from her host personality. Some of them are children. What aspect of this case is unusual? | No aspect is unusual |
| 43. Assuming a new identity in a new place is characteristic of | Dissociative fugue |
| Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID? | a. They are quite common |
| The text presented the case of Mary Kendall, who suffered from DID. She is typical of individuals with this disorder in that | She has periods of lost time |
| People with dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that | Both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but don’t feel relief when they get it |
| Obesity | Has been increasing in many countries, including the US |
| Which statement about the diagnosis of eating disorders is accurate? | Given the large number of young women who indulge in dieting, the distinction between normal and disordered eating is blurred |
| Which of the following do those with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have in common? | Fear of being or becoming fat |
| 51. The interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of physical disorders thought to have psychological factors as a major aspect of their causal patterns is known as | Behavioral medicine |
| Dysfunctional assumptions are a component of a cognitive-behavioral explanation of | Hypochondriasis |
| Compulsive checking behaviors are characteristic of individuals with | Body dysmorphic disorder |
| Which of the following summarizes the post-traumatic theory for the origin of DID? | a. Children deal with severe abuse by creating alters who provide an “escape” |
| Which of the following would be most suggestive of DID? | Carla had no recollection of the huge fight she had had with Lou when he came to apologize the next day |
| 56. Which of the following best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today than it was historically? | a. Advances in the medical field have facilitated the determination of organic causes for physical dysfunctions |
| A recent in-depth study of 12 convicted murderers diagnosed with DID looked into their backgrounds. The study found strong evidence that | Each was severely abused, both physically and sexually |
| 59. What disorders are often comorbid with eating disorders | Depression and personality disorders |
| 60. What is the most serious challenge in treating eating disorders? | Overcoming the patient’s ambivalence towards treatment |
| Ginger suffers from anorexia. She is often angry and irritable. These feelings | May be the result of her starving herself |
| 62. Which of the following is likely to put whites at a higher risk of developing an eating disorder than non-whites? | Body dissatisfaction |
| 63. Which of the following best explains the lack of well controlled studies on the effectiveness of treatment for anorexia nervosa? | Few people with anorexia are willing to seek treatment and there is a high drop-out rate when they do |
| After bariatric surgery | Some patients regain their weight |
| Which of the following statements about the role of genetics as a risk factor for eating disorders is ture? | a. Although the findings to date are mixed, the evidence does indicate that a susceptibility to eat disorders may be inherited along with a diathesis from other psychological conditions |
| 66. Which of the following is a medication currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of obesity? | Sibutramine |
| 68. Which of the following characterizes most anorexia nervosa patients in Asia? | Fear of stomach bloating |
| 69. Which of the following best explains the current trend in the prevalence of obesity? | Adoption of unhealthy lifestyles |
| 70. All of the following are dangers associated with obesity except | Cancer |
| Response prevention has been used in the treatment of both | Hypochondriasis and obsessive compulsive disorder |
| Why is family therapy currently being investigated as a treatment for anorexia? | a. Family dynamics have been found to affect treatment outcome |
| Which of the following complicates the study of personality traits and eating disorders? | Personality may be altered by malnourishment |
| 74. Our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders | Suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice |
| 75. Which statement about the treatment of eating disorders is most accurate? | a. Family support and the patient’s commitment to change are important to lasting recovery |
| Which of the following appears to be an enduring personality trait of people who are susceptible to developing an eating disorder? | Perfectionism |
| Which is true about conditioning and obesity? | Obese people are conditioned to eat in response to more cues than most people |
| Which of the following is LEAST likely to be addressed in the treatment of binge eating disorders? | Idealization of low body weight |
| When it comes to comparing one’s actual body weight with the ideal body, | Young women are more likely to be dissatisfied than young men |
| Which of the following is true? | Caloric need decreases with age |
| Today there is a growing recognition of the fact that | Behavioral and biological factors interact to determine health |
| 82. When do the effects of cortisol become a problem | When the cortisol response is not terminated |
| Health psychology is | A subspecialty within behavioral medicine and psychology that deals with the psychological components of physical dysfunction |
| 84. Which is not a condition found in the DSM? | Obesity |
| The influence of television on the attitudes towards eating in Fiji demonstrate that | Environmental factors can alter societal attitudes such that the risk of developing eating disorders is increased |
| The tendency to eat in response to external conditioned cues | Is universal |
| Which of the following is no longer used to treat obesity due to its abuse potential? | Amphetamine |
| All of the following are central diagnostic features of anorexia except? | a. Periods of obesity alternating with periods of starvation |
| Lisa has been diagnosed with anorexia, binge/purge subtype. Gretchen has been diagnosed with bulimia. They are likely to meet diagnostic criteria for what else? | Depression and substance abuse |
| 90. Research that did a ten-year follow up on women who showed disordered eating while in college found that | For many, preoccupation with losing weight continues but disordered eating declines |
| 91. Rachel has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and several other forms of psychopathology. If she is typical, she would demonstrate which of the other risk factors? | Reports of childhood sexual abuse |
| In addition to altering eating patterns of clients with Binge Eating Disorder, therapists using cognitive-behavioral therapy will also | Provide factual information about eating and dieting |
| _______ generate an attack that is highly specific to a given invader. They not only destroy antigens, they also terminate the immune response when danger subsides | T-cells |
| 94. Caroline is of normal body weight, but tends to be obsessed with food. After eating a box of cookies, for example, she will run several miles or fast for several days. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate? | a. Bulimia-nervosa |
| Tiffany has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Her personality traits include high risk-taking and apathy toward her parents. What is unusual? | a. It is unusual for a person with anorexia to be a risk-taker and apathetic toward her parents |
| Which of the following best explains the lack of well controlled studies of the effectiveness of treatment for anorexia nervosa? | Successful treatment takes a long time |
| Which interferes with absorption of fat? | Orlistat |
| Unlike B-cells, T-cells | Are not able to recognize specific antigens by themselves |
| Which of the following is most predictive of a positive outcome in the treatment of bulimia? | A decrease in dietary restriction |
| 100.Research suggests that ______ provides the best immediate and long-term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia nervosa? | Cognitive-behavioral therapy |
| 101.Which is NOT a risk factor for eating disorders in men? | Painting |
| 102.A lack of body distortion amongst the Amish | Suggests that there should be a low prevalence of eating disorders amongst these people |
| 103.The most common quality of parents’ interactions with their daughters who have eating disorders is | Control |
| 104.Which of the following is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia? | The use of laxatives |
| 105.Contagion in the treatment of eating disorders refers to | a. Patients teaching other patients techniques to avoid weight gain |
| 106.Which explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to treatment of eating disorders? | Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome |
| 107.What is unique about Hilda immediately entering an inpatient treatment program and embracing all aspects of the treatment regimen? | Her lack of ambivalence about treatment |
| 108.Bruch proposes a _________ explanation for developmental obesity? | a. Behavioral |
| 109.Depression, OCD, and substance abuse are common comorbid conditions in individuals with | a. Anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type and bulimia nervosa |
| 110.Sibutramine acts to reduce appetite by | Increasing activity of serotonin and norepinephrine |
| 111.Behavioral interventions may be most useful in | Altering harmful life-style habits and patterns |
| 112.When do effects of cortisol become a problem? | a. When the cortisol response is not terminated |
| 113.In her mid-thirties, Cheryl became preoccupied with her weight and began dieting and exercising. What is unique about her case? | Women in their thirties rarely develop eating disorders |
| 114.Behavioral medicine emphasizes | a. The role of psychological factors in the occurrence, maintenance, and prevention of physical illness |
| 115.Set-point theory about weight suggests that | The hunger that occurs by being well below one’s set-point can trigger binges |
| 116.Compared with people who were diagnosed with conversion disorder 100 years ago, cases today are more likely | To simulate exotic conditions like seizures |
| 117.Conversion symptoms often develop in association with all of the following except | Injury to the left hemisphere of the brain |
| 118.Somatoform disorders are often comorbid with | Depression and anxiety |
| 119.Genetic studies of somatoform and dissociative disorders | Are inconclusive |
| 120.Medical interventions, such as drugs, to treat somatoform disorders | Are rarely effective in giving sustained relief from primary symptoms |
| 121.Collette has been diagnosed with depersonalization disorder. We can expect that she | a. Is an unstable woman with many other problems |
| 122.The goal of Kluft’s consensus model of therapy for DID is | Integration of the separate personality systems |
| 123.Which best characterizes the individual with hypochondriasis? | Exhibits excessive faith and trust in the medical profession |
| Gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity… | Dissociative fugue |
| Kristie is talking to a career counselor at college… | Body dysmorphic disorder |
| If Ronald is typical of people with hypochondriasis, he will | Use a wide range of self-medications |
| A person who has conversion disorder where the symptom is blindness | Is likely to walk around an unfamiliar room without bumping into things |
| Which best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today than historically? | Advances in medical field have facilitated the determination of organic causes for physical dysfunctions |
| In what way was Freud’s view of conversion disorder consistent with behavioral theories? | He believed that symptoms of conversion disorder were maintained by relief from anxiety they provided |
| A person with 2+ well-developed identities has the disorder called | Dissociative identity disorder |
| Once a dissociative fugue ends, people | Can remember their past but cannot remember what happened during the fugue |
| John and Ira eat dinner together after work… | John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick |
| The most effective treatment for somatization disorder | Does not decrease psychological distress |
| Assuming a new identity in a new place is characteristic of | Dissociative fugue |
| In the individual with DID, “switches” between identities | a. Produce gaps in memory |
| All of the following are associate with DID except | Psychosis |
| According to set-point theory | Hunger serves to maintain the body at its established set point |
| What is relationship b/w obesity and social class | Obesity occurs much more frequently in lower SES adults and children |
| One of reasons it is difficult to know if a disruption in the serotonin system causes eating disorders is | People with eating disorders often have depression as well |
| 17. Which statement about diagnosis of eating disorder is accurate? | a. Given large # of young women who indulge in dieting, the distinction b/w normal and disordered eating is blurred |
| Comfort food | a. May help reduce activation of stress response system |
| Which is least likely to be addressed in the treatment of binge-eating disorder? | Idealization of low body weight |
| In order to make a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, the client must | Not meet criteria for anorexia nervosa |
| 21. Our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders | a. Suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice |
| Until 20th century, medical practitioners had few medications that actually cured illness… | The power of faith helped in healing |
| Unlike earlier editions of the DSM, the DSM-IV-TR includes | A category called Metal Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition on Axis I |
| Chronic fatigue syndrome | Has an unknown cause, but may have something to do with the immune system |
| 26. Which of the following blood pressures would be classified as “high normal”? | a. 135/90 |
| The substances that cause an increase in heart rate when the fight-or-flight response is activated? | Adrenal |
| Being too optimistic about one’s health | Could cause people not to seek help for potentially dangerous health problems |
| Research on hypochondriasis has shown that people with the disorder tend to | Overestimate the dangerousness of diseases |
| Sociocognitive theory | a. Explains why symptoms of DID are often not seen until after treatment is initiated |
| 31. Textbook authors report that rigorously designed and controlled studies on treatment of DID | a. Are non-existent |
| Which disorder was once most frequently diagnosed amongst soldiers? | Conversion disorder |
| After her dentist comment on the damage her practice of vomiting had caused to her teeth, Hilda realized that she had a problem… | Hilda’s lack of ambivalence about treatment |
| Why is family therapy currently being investigated as a treatment for anorexia? | Family dynamics have been found to affect treatment outcome |
| 35. B-cells | a. Produce antibodies |
| Hypertension is given the designation “essential” when it | Has no specific physical cause |
| In soap operas, characters often forget all of their past experiences following some trauma… | Generalized amnesia |
| 38. Which is most commonly found in families of girls with anorexia? | Parents who emphasize rules, control, and good physical appearance |
| Julia has hypertension. Which would be expected to differentiate her physiological functioning from that of someone who does not suffer from this condition? | Lessened blood flow to visceral organs |
| What differentiates the two coded subtypes of pain disorder? | Whether or not there is a medical condition present that may play a causal role |
| A person who has conversion disorder where the symptom is blindness | is likely to walk around an unfamiliar room without bumping into things |
| Jeremy suffers from psychogenic amnesia. He probably | seems quite normal other than for his amnesia |
| In soap operas, characters often forget all of their past experience following some trauma. They don’t merely forget the traumatic event, they forget who they are, where they came from – they lose all memory of their lives. | generalized amnesia |
| Consciously faking symptoms is characteristic of | malingering |
| A recent in-depth study of 12 convicted murderers diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder looked into their backgrounds. They study found strong evidence that | each was severely abused, both physically and sexually |
| In the individual with DID, “switches” between identities | produce gaps in memory |
| Which of the following best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today that it was historically? | advances in the medical field have facilitated the determination of organic causes for physical dysfunctions |
| Which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory? | implicit memory is generally intact |
| Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis are similar in that | both pay more attention to bodily sensations and see them as symptoms |
| An example of dissociative trance disorder is | a person who believes they are at times possessed by a spirit and is extremely upset because of this |
| 51. Individuals with somatoform disorders | believe that their symptoms are real and serious |
| 52. Assuming a new identity in a new place is characteristic of | dissociative fugue |
| Octavia has been diagnosed with dissociation identity disorder. She has seventeen different “alters”…. | no aspect of this case is unusual |
| Gastric bypass surgery makes it | a. impossible to binge eat but still possible to regain the weight |
| Leptin | is a hormone that usually leads to decreased food intake |
| After her dentist commented on the damage her practice of vomiting had caused to her teeth, Hilda…. | Hilda’s lack of ambivalence about treatment |
| Set-point theory explains why | binge eating is likely after a period of calorie restriction |
| The mind-set of people with bulimia and people with anorexia | is very different- people with anorexia don’t’ seem bothered by other people’s opinion (usually distress) about them and people with bulimia are very concerned and will do their best to hide their disorder. |
| Which of the following accounts for more morbidity and mortality than all eating disorders combined? | obesity |
| All of the following are reasons for the effectiveness of antidepressants in the treatment of bulimia nervosa EXCEPT | decreased appetite |
| Which statement about the treatment of eating disorders is most accurate? | Family support and the patient’s commitment to change are important to lasting recovery |
| 62. Binge-eating disorder | has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome |
| What would be the best piece of advice to give to a person who exhibits Type A behavior in order to decrease their risk of coronary heart disease? | don’t deny your feelings, use them effectively |
| 64. An old explanation for hypertension viewed hypertension as a(n) | result of unexpressed anger |
| No association has been found between nonfatal heartattacks and | anxiety |
| 66. Hypertension is given the designation “essential” hypertension when it | has no specific cause |
| 67. The main reason people have not found a consistent relationship between Type A and coronary heart disease is | different ways of measuring Type A |
| Unlike B-cells, T-cells | are not able to recognize specific antigens by themselves |
| What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder? | staying physically active despite the pain |
| A person with two or more well-developed identities has the disorder called | dissociative identity disorder |
| 71. All of the following are associated with DID except | psychosis |
| Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both | hypochondriasis and somatization disorder |
| Raquel has occasions when she eats enormous amounts of food in a short time. Afterwards she will refuse to eat anything solid for a couple of days. Her most likely diagnosis is | a. bulimia nervosa, nonpurging type |
| 74. What is the prognosis for anorexia nervosa? | relapse rates are high but recovery can often happen in the long run |
| Studies on how baby rats responded to stress found | a. early experience was as important as genetic inheritance |
| What’s the best way to avoid catching a cold? | a. Have low levels of negative life events and have only a few good friends |
| Which statement about the diagnosis of eating disorders is accurate? | a. given the large number of young women who indulge in dieting, the distinction between normal and disordered eating is blurred |
| A personality disorder that puts one at risk for cardiovascular disease would be found on ______. | Axis II |
| 79. The disorder involving the experience of sudden loss of the sense of self is | depersonalization disorder |
| Family therapy for anorexia appears to be most effective when it is used to treat | a. adolescents. |
| What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder? | a. Staying physically active despite the pain. |
| Octavia has been diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder (DID). She has seventeen "alters," which are different from her host personality. Some of her alters are fragments and memories. Some of the alters are children. What aspect is unusual? | No aspect of this case is unusual. |
| The text presented the case of Mary Kendall, who suffered from dissociative identity disorder. She is typical of individuals with this disorder in that | a. she has periods of "lost time." |
| Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both | a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder. |
| Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID? | They are quite common. |
| learning of her father's death, Sophia felt dazed but retained her sense of self. she felt like she was in a movie watching the events. Despite this, she understood what was happening and did what she needed to do. What can be said of Sophia's response? | She experienced an instance of derealization. |
| Which of the following appears to be an enduring personality trait of people who are susceptible to developing an eating disorder? | Perfectionism |
| The inability to learn new information is known as | a. anterograde amnesia. |
| An example of dissociative trance disorder is | a person who believes he or she is at times possessed by a spirit and is extremely upset because of this. |
| In soap operas, characters often forget their past experience following some trauma. they forget who they are, where they came from - they lose almost all memory of their lives. They then move to a new place and start a new identity. | dissociative fugue. |
| Which of the following is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia? | a. The use of laxatives |
| Research suggests that ________ provides the best immediate and long-term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. | Cognitive-behavioral therapy |
| John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely: | b. John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick. |
| The text presented the case of Nicole, a college student with bulimia nervosa. She is typical of such individuals because she | c. experienced shame, guilt, and self-deprecation. |
| What is the prognosis for anorexia nervosa? | a. Relapse rates are high, but recovery can often happen in the long run. |
| Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders? | Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome. |
| In which of the following countries are at least one-third of adults obese? | United States |
| Jeremy suffers from psychogenic amnesia. He probably | seems quite normal other than for his amnesia. |
| Our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders | suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice. |
| Binge-eating disorder | has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome. |
| Why is the timeframe of 6 months important in diagnosing pain disorder? | a. It determines whether the symptoms are acute or chronic |
| In what way was Freud's view of conversion disorder consistent with behavioral theories? | c. He believed that the symptoms of conversion disorder were maintained by the relief from anxiety they provided. |
| Hilda immediately entered an inpatient treatment program and embraced all aspects of the treatment regimen. What is unique about Hilda's case? | Hilda's lack of ambivalence about treatment. |
| Internalizing the "thin ideal" is strongly associated with | negative affect. |
| Cindy is 5 ' 6" tall and weighs 92 pounds. at times she finds herself eating large amounts of food - several boxes of cookies, gallons of ice cream, entire cakes - all in an evening. Afterwards, she makes herself throw up. Cindy's most likely diagnosis | anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type. |
| Someone who binges and purges and is severely underweight is diagnosed as anorexic, not bulimic. This is because | c. anorexia has a much higher death rate than bulimia. |
| Which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory? | a. Implicit memory is generally intact. |
| In order to make a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, the client must | not meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa. |
| How do you distinguish between the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, purging type? | People with the bulimic type are normal weight, people with the anorexic type are underweight. |
| Which of the following is a potential consequence of anorexia nervosa? | Death of a spouse |
| People with body dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that | a. both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but don't feel relief when they get it. |
| Individuals with somatoform disorders | c. believe that their symptoms are real and serious. |
| Ghrelin | is a hormone that is an appetite stimulator. |
| When a person experiences psychogenic amnesia, only one portion of memory is usually affected. Which? | d. Episodic memory (the events we have experienced) |
| Ginger suffers from anorexia. She is often angry and irritable. These feelings | a. may be the result of her starving herself. |
| Following the rejection of his latest novel, Jim experienced an inability to make movements with his right hand. he could scratch and make simple motions. Two weeks later he was able to write again. What is unique about Jim's case of conversion disorder | Jim is male, and most people with this disorder are women. |
| According to set-point theory | hunger serves to maintain the body at its established set-point. |
| Which statement best describes trends in actual and ideal weight in American young women? | While the weight of the average woman is increasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is decreasing. |
| If Ronald is typical of people with hypochondriasis, he will | a. avoid accepting a psychological explanation for his problems. |
| Which of the following was once viewed as form of "hysteria"? | a. Conversion disorder |
| Behavior activation treatment | emphasizes activity and involvement in interpersonal relationships. |
| Two months after her husband's death, Connie was still not herself. She often forgot to feed the dog, was late for work on a regular basis, and had not yet thrown out his clothes. Which of the following diagnoses would apply to Connie? | Connie does not have a disorder. |
| Angela has had several periods of extremely "up" moods. They last for a couple of weeks and she has gotten into trouble several times. The best diagnosis for Angela is | c. bipolar I disorder. |
| Which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory? | a. were the first antidepressants to be developed. |
| Ryan has diabetes but has no trouble functioning. One day, his wife informs him that she is leaving him. Ryan suddenly develops terrible pain in his back, His wife agrees to stay for "a while" to take care of him. Ryan probably has | b. pain disorder associated with psychological factors. |
| What are the two key moods involved in mood disorders? | c. Mania and depression |
| John's erratic behavior finally ruined his marriage. What kind of life event would this be described as? | c. Dependent |
| Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both | a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder. |
| What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder? | a. Staying physically active despite the pain. |
| Sociocognitive theory | a. explains why symptoms of DID are often not seen until after treatment is initiated. |
| Family therapy for anorexia appears to be most effective when it is used to treat | a. adolescents. |
| The disorder involving the experience of sudden loss of the sense of self is | a. depersonalization disorder. |
| Compulsive checking behaviors are characteristic of individuals with | a. body dysmorphic disorder. |
| Studies of the brains of individuals with DID | support the assertion that DID is a real disorder. |
| Binge-eating disorder | has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome. |
| Which of the following is LEAST likely to be addressed in the treatment of binge-eating disorder? | Idealization of low body weight |
| Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis are similar in that | c. both pay more attention to bodily sensations and see them as symptoms. |
| Which of the following is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia? | The use of laxatives |
| Which of the following accounts for more morbidity and mortality than all eating disorders combined? | obesity |
| John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely: | John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick. |
| The treatment goal for most therapists who treat dissociative identity disorder is | c. integration of the alter personalities. |
| Consciously faking symptoms is characteristic of | a. malingering. |
| Research on hypochondriasis has shown that people with the disorder tend to | overestimate the dangerousness of diseases. |
| Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders? | Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome. |
| Which of the following statements about the role of genetics as a risk factor for eating disorders is true? | Although the findings to date are mixed, the evidence does indicate that a susceptibility to eating disorders may be inherited along with a diathesis for other psychological conditions. |
| Why has there been little systematic research conducted on dissociative amnesia and fugue? | These conditions are too rare to permit more extensive study. |
| Sean describes himself as having hardly ever been happy. He has trouble sleeping, doesn't eat much, and feels like nothing will ever change in his life. He says this has been going on for as long as he can remember. The best diagnosis for Sean is | b. dysthymia. |
| People with body dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that | a. both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but don't feel relief when they get it. |
| Which of the following is a true statement about the recurrence of depressive symptoms? | Most individuals diagnosed with major depression will exhibit a recurrence. |
| Joanne tends to blow up at people and then feel guilty. She worries a lot. She complains that she just doesn't really find anything exciting and life is boring. Joanne | a. shows evidence of neuroticism and low positive affectivity, and has a high risk of developing depression. |
| The German man, in the study mentioned in the text, who had dissociative fugue, denied that he could speak German. However, he learned German-English word pairs much faster than control words. This supports that | a. mainly episodic memory is lost, implicit memory stays intact. |
| John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely: | John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick. |
| Sam has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. He tells you that he is certain the world will end next Tuesday because everyone in it is so wicked. He refuses to consider that he might be wrong. Sam has | a. mood congruent delusions. |
| Which of the following is most commonly true of the host identity in DID? | It is not the original identity. |
| Carleen comes to therapy because she is feeling sad. she has often had periods of extreme sadness and they typically last between 6 and 8 months. At other times which last about a week Carleen feels wonderful. Carleen's most likely diagnosis is | bipolar II. |
| Which of the following is an example of a COGNITIVE diathesis for depression? | c. Attributing negative events to internal causes |
| Sara notices a lump on her side. she is worried that it is cancer. During the time between first noticing the lump and getting her results Sara was almost unable to function. After she found out that it was not cancer she felt much better. | has no mental disorder. |
| Felicia has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, purging type. We should expect that she | c. experiences electrolyte imbalances and mineral deficiencies. |
| Which of the following is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia? | a. The use of laxatives |
| Studies of the brains of individuals with DID | support the assertion that DID is a real disorder. |
| When it comes to comparing one's actual body image with the ideal body, | young women are more likely to be dissatisfied than young men. |
| Catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both | a. hypochondriasis and somatization disorder. |
| Comfort food | may help reduce activation in the stress response system. |
| Which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory? | a. Implicit memory is generally intact. |
| The most effective treatment to date for somatization disorder | decreases healthcare expenditures. |
| Which of the following was once viewed as form of "hysteria"? | a. Conversion disorder |
| What is unique about binge-eating disorder (BED) as compared to the eating disorders currently found in the DSM? | b. The gender difference in its prevalence is minimal. |
| Somatization disorder and hypochondriasis differ because | in somatization disorder, people are concerned about multiple different physical symptoms, in hypochondriasis, people are concerned about having an organic disease. |
| Gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity as a shoe salesman. He suffers from | a. dissociative fugue. |
| The German man, in the study mentioned in the text, who had dissociative fugue, denied that he could speak German. However, he learned German-English word pairs much faster than control words. This supports that | a. mainly episodic memory is lost, implicit memory stays intact. |
| What cyclical pathway can develop that eventually leads to obesity? | c. A child eats because of feelings of depression and low self-esteem, gains weight, is rejected by peers, binges, and continues to gain weight. |
| Which of the following is the strongest predictor of a person developing bulimic symptoms? | The amount of critical comments family members made about the person's appearance |
| Response prevention has been used in the treatment of both | hypochondriasis and obsessive compulsive disorder. |
| Why are family attitudes about obesity important? | c. Because the consequences are likely to remain with us |
| Binge-eating disorder | b. has not yet been formally recognized as a distinct clinical syndrome. |
| Leptin | a. is a hormone that usually leads to decreased food intake. |
| Which of the following do those with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have in common? | a. Fear of being or becoming fat |
| Which of the following disorders was once the most frequently diagnosed disorder among soldiers in World War I? | Conversion disorder |
| What is one reason why the prevalence of DID has been increasing? | It may be that the prevalence of DID has not changed at all, but that clinicians may unknowingly encourage the emergence of new identities. |
| What is the link between dieting and eating disorders? | a. Dieting is a risk factor for both anorexia and bulimia. |
| Which of the following is most commonly found in families of girls with anorexia? | Parents who emphasize rules, control, and good physical appearance. |
| Recent estimates suggest that about 50 percent of those with DID have | c. over ten identities. |
| Which of the following best explains why conversion disorder is a less common diagnosis today than it was historically? | Advances in the medical field have made patients more sophisticated about medical and psychological disorders. |
| Which of the following complicates the study of personality traits and eating disorders? | Personality may be altered by malnourishment. |
| What is the prognosis for anorexia nervosa? | a. Relapse rates are high, but recovery can often happen in the long run. |
| Rates of eating disorders tend to be much lower in black women than in white women. However, one factor that can increase risk in black women is | assimilation into white culture and middle class values. |
| Jeremy suffers from psychogenic amnesia. He probably | seems quite normal other than for his amnesia. |
| Consciously faking symptoms is characteristic of | a. malingering. |
| The influence of television on the attitudes toward eating in Fiji demonstrate that | environmental factors can alter societal attitudes such that the risk of developing eating disorders is increased. |
| Which of the following best explains why cognitive-behavioral therapy is a logical approach to the treatment of eating disorders? | Both thoughts and behaviors need to be altered to achieve a lasting outcome. |
| Family therapy for anorexia appears to be most effective when it is used to treat | a. adolescents. |
| Which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID? | They are quite common. |
| A common sign of bulimia nervosa, purging type is | damaged teeth and mouth ulcers. |
| In which of the following countries are at least one-third of adults obese? | United States |
| One of the reasons it is difficult to know if a disruption in the serotonin system causes eating disorders is | people with eating disorders often have depression as well. |
| Which of the following is NOT a protective factor for the development of eating disorders? | Family environments that emphasize body weight and shape. |
| What is the most serious challenge in treating eating disorders? | Overcoming the patient's ambivalence toward treatment |
| What is unique about binge-eating disorder (BED) as compared to the eating disorders currently found in the DSM? | The gender difference in its prevalence is minimal. |
| What neurotransmitter seems to be involved in both eating disorders and depression? | Serotonin |
| Which of the following is a potential consequence of anorexia nervosa? | Death |
| Experimental studies of DID find that interpersonality amnesia exists for | explicit memories. |
| What is the relationship between obesity and socioeconomic status? | Obesity occurs much more frequently in lower SES adults and children. |
| All of the following are reasons for the effectiveness of antidepressants in the treatment of bulimia nervosa EXCEPT | decreased appetite. |
| All of the following are associated with DID except | psychosis. |
| Family therapy for anorexia appears to be most effective when it is used to treat | adolescents. |
| The disorder involving the experience of sudden loss of the sense of self is | depersonalization disorder. |
| Brigid has been diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder. Brigid is the host personality. We can expect that the alter identities | are strikingly different from Brigid. |
| Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS) is | a diagnosis given to patients that experience severe eating disorder symptoms, but do not meet specific criteria for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. |
| Why has there been little systematic research conducted on dissociative amnesia and fugue? | These conditions are too rare to permit more extensive study. |
| After bariatric surgery, | some patients regain their weight, but most lose a great deal of weight. |
| Which of the following is a way to distinguish between someone with conversion disorder and someone who is malingering? | People with conversion disorder are very willing to talk about their symptoms, malingerers will be more cautious. |
| Which of the following is a medication currently approved by the FDA for use in the treatment of obesity? | Sibutramine |
| Internalization of the “thin ideal” occurs when | individuals believe messages from the media and society that promote the concept that thinness equates beauty. |
| In order to make a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, the client must | not meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa. |
| Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as | multiple personality disorder. |
| Why is the timeframe of 6 months important in diagnosing pain disorder? | It determines whether the symptoms are acute or chronic |
| Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk for obesity? | Low parental education about healthy nutrition. |
| John and Ira eat dinner together after work. Several hours later, each starts to feel nausea and stomach pains. John is a hypochondriac, Ira is not. Most likely: | John will think that he has stomach cancer and Ira will think the food he ate made him sick. |
| There is debate as to the relationship between DID and abuse because | other factors correlated with abuse may be the true causal factors in DID. |
| Which statement about the treatment of eating disorders is most accurate? | Family support and the patient's commitment to change are important to lasting recovery. |
| In the individual with DID, "switches" between identities | produce gaps in memory. |
| Which of the following was once viewed as form of "hysteria"? | Conversion disorder |
| Studies of the brains of individuals with DID | support the assertion that DID is a real disorder. |
| our textbook authors report that rigorously designed and controlled studies on the treatment of dissociative identity disorder | are nonexistent. |
| Dan's medical complaints and hospital stays led him to a psychiatrist. After a medical and psychological evaluation he was diagnosed with depression and somatization disorder. What is atypical about this case summary? | Somatization disorder is seen much more commonly in women. |
| What would be most helpful to a person with pain disorder? | Staying physically active despite the pain. |
| Why has the term "multiple personality disorder" been replaced with "dissociative identity disorder"? | Fully developed personalities are not present in DID, just varying expressions of different aspects of the patient's personality. |
| In addition to altering the eating patterns of clients with Binge Eating Disorder, therapists using cognitive-behavioral therapy will also | provide factual information about eating and dieting. |
| Ryan has diabetes but has no trouble functioning. One day, his wife informs him that she is leaving him. Ryan suddenly develops terrible pain in his back, to the point he is unable to get out of bed. Ryan probably has | pain disorder associated with psychological factors. |
| Gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity as a shoe salesman. He suffers from | dissociative fugue. |
| ***people with body dysmorphic disorder are similar to people with hypochondriasis in that*** | both ask for reassurance about their symptoms but dont feel relief when they get it |
| which of the following was once viewed as a form of "hysteria"? | conversion disorder |
| catastrophizing about minor bodily sensations is characteristic of individuals with both | hypochondriasis and somatization disorder |
| after bariatric surgery | some patients regain their weight, but most lose a great deal of weight. |
| after learning of her father's death, sophia felt dazed and confused. she felt as if she was in a movie watching the events happening to her. despite the strange feeling, she understood what was happening and did the things she needed to do | she experienced an instance in derealization |
| orlistat, which works by interfering with the absorption of fat | works modestly well for obesity |
| the text presented the case of mary kendall, who suffered from dissociative identity disorder. she is typical of individuals with this disorder in that | she has periods of "lost time". |
| body dysmorphic disorder is thought to be related to | obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorders |
| dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as | multiple personality disorder |
| a lack of body distortions among the amish | suggests that there should be a low prevalence of eating disorders among these peoples |
| which of the following has been demonstrated about the effects of psychogenic amnesias on memory? | implicit memory is generally intact |
| families of people with anorexia | exhibit tendencies towards perfectionism |
| our current knowledge of the efficacy of treating eating disorders | suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice |
| which of the following is likely to put whites at higher risk of developing an eating disorder than non-whites | body dissatisfaction |
| gerard became amnesic, wandered away from home and assumed a completely new identity as a shoe salesman. he suffers from | dissociative fugue |
| which of the following is LEAST likely to be addressed in the treatment on binge-eating disorder? | idealization of low body weight |
| somatization disorder | involves multiple symptoms of at least four different types |
| evan is terrified because he is convinced that he has a terminal heart condition. he has no evidence of having heart disease. his diagnosis is probably | hypochondriasis |
| once a dissociative fugue ends, people | can remember their past but cannot remember what happened during the fugue |
| which of the following disorders was once the most frequently diagnosed disorder among soldier in WWI? | conversion disorder |
| cindy is 5'6" and weighs 92 pounds. she is very concerned about her weight. however, at times she finds herself eating large amounts of food. afterwards she makes herself throw up. cindy's most likely diagnosis: | anorexia nervosa, purging type |
| jeremy suffers from psychogenic amnesia. he probably | seems quite normal other than for his amnesia |
| which of the following is true of opposite sex alters in DID? | they occur most commonly when sexual abuse has occurred |
| people with predominantly psychogenic (psychologically caused) pain tend to | adopt an invalid lifestyle, visiting many doctors in search of relief |
| what is unique about binge-eating disorder (BED) as compared to the eating disorders currently found in the DSM? | the gender difference in its prevalence is minimal |
| felicia has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, purging type. we should expect that she | experiences electrolyte imbalances and mineral deficiencies |
| the text presented the case of nicole, a college student with bulimia nervosa, she is typical of such individuals because she | experienced shame, guilt, and self-deprecation |
| why has there been little systematic research conducted on dissociative amnesia and fugue? | these conditions are too rare to permit more extensive study |
| jill did not remember the accident happening or the following 2 days. what form of amnesia is this memory loss characteristic of? | localized |
| a common sign of bulimia nervosa, purging type is | damaged teeth and mouth ulcers |
| which of the following statements best summarizes the relationship between sexual abuse and the development of eating disorders? | there appears to be a relationship, but it appears indirect, involving an array or intervening variables |
| in addition to altering the eating patterns of clients with binge eating disorder, therapists using cognitive-behavioral therapy will also | provide factual information about eating and dieting |
| dissociation | is extremely common and not necessarily pathological |
| in the treatment of eating disorders, medications | may be useful in treating depressive and psychotic symptoms, but are not a primary treatment |
| kristie is talking to a career counselor, she suddenly announces it is pointless to discuss jobs when she knows her face is hideous due to her huge number of acne scars. the counselor can barely see them. kristie probably suffers from | body dysmorphic disorder |
| all of the following are dangers associated with obesity EXCEPT | asthma |
| which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk for obesity? | low parental education |
| one of the reasons it is difficult to know if a disruption in the serotonin system causes eating disorders is | people with eating disorders often have depression as well |
| which of the following statements about the role of genetics as a risk factor for eating disorders is true? | although the findings to date are mixed, the evidence does indicate that a susceptibility to eating disorders may be inherited along with a diathesis for other psychological conditions |
| which of the following is most suggestive of dissociative identity disorder? | kyla could not recall where she had been or what she had done all day |
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julielava