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humanities exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| axiology | is the philosophical study of value |
| humanities | 19th century, study of Greek & Roman lang. and literature; later set off from the sciences and expanded to include the works of all Western peoples in the arts, literature, music, philosophy, and sometimes history and religion |
| ziggurat | A Mesopotamian stepped pyramid, usually built with external staircases and a shrine at the top; sometimes included a tower. |
| linear A | In Minoan civilization, a type of script still undeciphered that lasted from about 1800 to 1400 b.c. |
| contrapposto | In sculpture and painting, the placement of the human figure so the weight is more on one leg than the other and the shoulders and chest are turned in the opposite direction from the hips and legs. |
| civilization | The way humans live in a complex political, economic, and social structure, usually in an urban environment, with some development in technology, literature, and art. |
| culture | The sum of human endeavors, including the basic political, economic, and social institutions and the values, beliefs, and arts of those who share them. |
| classicism | A set of aesthetic principles found in Greek and Roman art and literature emphasizing the search for perfection or ideal forms. |
| epistemology | the study of knowledge |
| idealism | in Plato's philosophy, the theory that reality and ultimate truth are to be found not in the material world but in the spiritual realm. |
| hubris | In Greek thought, human pride or arrogance that leads an individual to challenge the gods, usually provoking divine retribution. |
| oligarchy | few; a state ruled by the few, especially by a small fraction of persons or families. |
| materialism | In philosophy, the theory of materialism holds that the only thing that exists is matter; that all things are composed of material and all phenomena (including consciousness) are the result of material interactions. |
| Sophocles | ancient greek play writter |
| helots | slaves of athens that worked in agriculture |
| pericles | general during athens that lead his people through the persian wars |
| hoplite | A hoplite was a citizen-soldier of the Ancient Greek city-states. |
| Mycenaeans | is a cultural period of Bronze Age Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis. The last phase of the Bronze Age in Ancient Greece, ancient Greek literature and myth, including the epics of Homer. |
| persian wars | series of conflict between persia and the hellenic world over ruling ionia |
| Hatshepsut | was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs, reigning longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty. |
| neolithic | Literally, "new stone"; used to define the New Stone Age, when human cultures evolved into agrarian systems and settled communities; dating from about 10,000 or 8000 b.c. to about 3000 b.c. |
| ra | is the ancient Egyptian sun god |
| Philip of Macedonia | king of macedon untill his assasination |
| Alexander the Great | was a king of Macedon, a state in northern Greece, son of Phillip |
| polis | the city states of athens |
| sfumato | is one of the four canonical painting modes of the Renaissance |
| Herodotus | father of history |
| sophism | In Ancient Greece, sophists were a category of teachers who specialized in using the tools of philosophy and rhetoric for the purpose of teaching aretê — excellence, or virtue — predominantly to young statesmen and nobility. |
| Aristotle | greek philosopher, student of plato and teacher of alexander the great. created a comprehensive view of philosophy |
| solon | was an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. He is remembered particularly for his efforts to legislate against political, economic and moral decline in archaic Athens. His reforms failed in the short term, laid the foundations for Athenian democracy. |
| sappho | poet from lesbos |
| arete | An arête is a thin, almost knife-like, ridge of rock which is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys |
| doric temples | The simplest and oldest of the Greek architectural orders, in which temple columns have undecorated capitals and rest directly on the stylobate. |
| akhenaten | was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, noted for abandoning traditional Egyptian polytheism and introducing worship centered on the Aten |
| metaphysics | is a branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world,[1] although the term is not easily defined |
| cypselus | was the first tyrant of Corinth in the 7th century BC. |
| perioikoi | free but non citizens of sparta allowed to travel to other countries |
| Phidias | was a Greek sculptor, painter and architect |
| " he seems to be a God" | poem written by sappho (poet from lesbos) |
| the legacy of mesopotamia | The creation of writing, early mathematics, polytheism and other forms of religions, astronomy, agriculture and pottery. |
| pelpponnesian war | war between athens and sparta, |
| lysistrata | is one of eleven surviving plays written by Aristophanes. |
| Euripides | was one of the three great tragedians of classical Athens |
| euripides | was one of the three great tragedians of classical Athens |
| Aeschylus | was the first of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose work has survived |
| peripteral temple | clear area surrounding a temple |
| socrates | was a classical Greek Athenian philosopher |
| Thucydides | was a Greek historian and author from Alimos. |
| Paleolithic | Literally, "old stone"; used to define the Old Stone Age, when crude stones and tools were used; dating from about 2,000,000 b.c. to about 10,000 b.c. |
| aristophanes | was a comic playwright of ancient Athens |
| sparta | was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece, |
| Venus of Willendorf | statue found with enlarged body parts |
| Hammurabi | king of Babylon |
| Archaic Greek sculpture | The style in Greek sculpture, dating from the seventh century to 480 b.c., that was characterized by heavy Egyptian influence; dominated by the kouros and kore sculptural forms. |
| greek ideal | A philosophical ideal of ancient Greeks who believed that each person should have a harmonious blend (sometimes called balance) of physical, mental, and spiritual aspects. |
| Plato | classic greek philosopher |
| pythagoras | was an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism |
| poetics | is the earliest-surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory. |
| the illiad | it tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles. |
| the odyssey | talks about odissius's trip home from the fall of troy , It takes Odysseus ten years to reach Ithaca In his absence, it is assumed he has died, and his wife Penelope and son Telemachus must deal with a group of unruly suitors, the Mnesteres |
| the epic of gilgamesh | The story revolves around a relationship between Gilgamesh and his close male companion, Enkidu. Enkidu is a wild man created by the gods as Gilgamesh's equal to distract him from oppressing the citizens of Uruk. kill the bull together to anger gods |
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lesliebrown4193