an inference that does not follow from the premises; a fallacy, a statement (as a response) that does not follow logically from or is not clearly related to anything previously said.

something that distracts attention from the real issue (comes from the practice of drawing a red herring-a smoked fish-across a trail to confuse hunting dogs).

a situation in which an assumption is made that because the first event preceded the second event, it must mean the first event caused the later one.

1. a weak or imaginary opposition (as an argument or adversary) set up only to be easily confuted.

an attack on an opponent's character rather than by an answer to the contentions made; an appeal to feelings or prejudices rather than intellect.

deceptive appearance, deception; a false or mistaken idea; an often plausible argument using false or invalid inference

fallacy in which the conclusion of an argument is implicitly or explicitly assumed in one of the premises: the argument fails to prove anything because it takes for granted what it is supposed to prove.

fallacy that occurs when a writer builds an argument upon the assumption that there are only two choices or possible outcomes when actually there are several.

the mistaken use of inductive reasoning when there are too few samples to prove a point.

gaining favor or agreement by ignoring examples that disprove the point, and listing only those examples that support one's case.

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AP Vocabulary

List six, Logical Fallacies

Question	Answer
non sequitur	an inference that does not follow from the premises; a fallacy, a statement (as a response) that does not follow logically from or is not clearly related to anything previously said.
red herring	something that distracts attention from the real issue (comes from the practice of drawing a red herring-a smoked fish-across a trail to confuse hunting dogs).
post hoc	a situation in which an assumption is made that because the first event preceded the second event, it must mean the first event caused the later one.
straw man	1. a weak or imaginary opposition (as an argument or adversary) set up only to be easily confuted.
ad hominem	an attack on an opponent's character rather than by an answer to the contentions made; an appeal to feelings or prejudices rather than intellect.
fallacy	deceptive appearance, deception; a false or mistaken idea; an often plausible argument using false or invalid inference
begging the question	fallacy in which the conclusion of an argument is implicitly or explicitly assumed in one of the premises: the argument fails to prove anything because it takes for granted what it is supposed to prove.
false dilemma	fallacy that occurs when a writer builds an argument upon the assumption that there are only two choices or possible outcomes when actually there are several.
hasty generalization	the mistaken use of inductive reasoning when there are too few samples to prove a point.
stacking the deck	gaining favor or agreement by ignoring examples that disprove the point, and listing only those examples that support one's case.

Created by: nina.dewitt

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