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KAT PHR 57
Heavy metal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most heavy metal toxicities occur due to | interaction with sulfhydryl groups |
| Chelators are compound with _ electronegative groups’ | 2 or more |
| Chelators function as _ | chemical antagonists |
| Acute lead poising typically affects which system | CNS |
| Acute lead poising treated with | chelation |
| Chronic lead poisoning treated with | succimer, EDTA, dimercaprol |
| Acute arsenic poisoning affects mostly | GI |
| Chronic arsenic poisoning affects | everything, carcinogenic |
| Arsenic gas affects mostly | renal system |
| Acute arsenic poisoning treated with | supportive and dimercaprol |
| Chronic arsenic poisoning treated with dimercaprol | |
| Arsenic gas treatment | supportive |
| Acute mercury poisoning causes | SOB, nausea, vomiting |
| Mercuric chloride causes | renal failure, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis |
| Acute mercury tox treated with | succimer, dimercaprol (IM) |
| Chronic mercury poising causes | erethism (behavioral change) |
| Chronic mercury poising treated with | succimer, Unithiol |
| Avoid _ in treating chronic mercury poising | dimercaprol, redistributes to CNS |
| Iron tox symptoms | GI, jaundice, coma |
| Treat Fe tox with | deferoxamine |
| EDTA used for_ detox | Lead |
| Dimercaprol used for | arsenic, mercury and with EDTA for lead |
| Dimercaprol side effects | lipophilic, thrombocytopenia, increased prothrombin time |
| Succimer used for | lead, arsenic ( within a few hours of exposure) and mercury ( within a few hours of exposure) |
| Succimer side effects | less than dimercaprol, liver enzymes, rash, GI |
| Unithiol is a | water soluble dimercaprol |
| Unithiol used for | inorganic mercury or arsenic |
| Penicillamine is used for | copper excess |
| Penicillamine excretion | water soluble, absorbed from GI, excreted unchanged |
| Penicillamine tox | neprhotox, pancytopenia, autoimmune, hemolysis |
| EDTA used for | lead poisoning |
| EDTA administered with | calcium |
| EDTA tox | tubular necrosis and ECG changes |
| Deferoxamine, deferasirox used for | Fe |
| Deferoxamine, deferasirox tox | skin rxn, hepatic and renal dsfx, coagulopathy |