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Chemistry ch. 1 & 2
Modern Chemistry - a few random cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mass | the measure of the amount of matter |
| volume | the amount of 3D space an object occupies |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element. |
| element | pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances. Made of one atom. |
| extensive properties | depend on the amount of matter present. volume, mass, amount of energy in a substance |
| intensive properties | do not depend on the amount of matter present. melting point, boiling point, density, and ability to conduct electricity and transfer heat. |
| alloy | a substance composed of two or more metals (or metals & a nonmetal) |
| molecule | the smallest unit of an element or compound that retains all of the properties of that element or compound |
| colloid | a mixture consisting of tiny particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions & those in suspensions and that are suspended in a liquid, solid, or gas |
| suspension | a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas. |
| ductility | the ability of a substance to be hammered thin or drawn out into a wire |
| group | vertical column |
| malleability | the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into a sheet. |
| period | horizontal row. elements in a period tend to be the most similar to each other |
| tensile strength | a measure of the ability of material to resist a force that tends to pull it apart. |
| scientific method | a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses and formulating theories that are supported by data. |
| system | a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation. |
| quantitative | numerical data |
| qualitative | descriptive data when observing |
| quantity | something that has size, magnitude, or amount. |
| SI | the meter, kilogram, second, kelvin (temp.), mole (amount of substance), ampere (electric current), and candela (luminous intensity) |
| weight | the measure of gravitational pull on an object |
| derived unit | combination of SI base units |
| conversion factor | a ration derived from the equality between two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to the other. |
| dimensional analysis | a mathematical technique that allows you to use units to solve problems involving measurements. |
| Density equation | D = M / V |
| Percentage error equation | experimental value - accepted value divided by accepted value, times 100 |
| accuracy | closeness to actual measurement |
| precision | closeness to your other measurements |
| significant figures rules | - zeros between nonzero digits are significant (5008) - zeros at the end of a number & to the right of a decimal place are significant (9000 or .09) |
| directly proportional | if you can divide one by the other & get a constant value (straight line) |
| inversely proportional | their product is constant. hyperbola. |
Created by:
Emilyy28
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