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Stat 243
Question | Answer |
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What is Statistics? | Statistics is a way of reasoning, along with a collection of tools and methods, designed to help us. collecting, organizing and interpretation of data. |
What are statistics? | Statistics ( plural) are particular calculations made from data. |
Difference between a parameter and statistic? | Parameter is any characteristic about a population. Statistic is any characteristic about the sample. |
Discrete data | assume values that can be counted. (age in years, number of family members) |
Continuous data | can assume all values between any two specific values. (Usually measurements.) Height, Weight, Time, Income |
Context | The context ideally tells Who was measured, What was measured, How the data were collected, Where the data were collected, and When and Why the study was performed. |
Data | Systematically recorded information, whether numbers or labels, together with its context . |
Data table | An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable. |
Case | A case is an individual about whom or which we have data. |
Sample | The cases we actually examine in seeking to understand the much larger population. |
Population | All the cases we wish we knew about. |
Variable | A variable holds information about the same characteristic for many cases. |
Units | A quantity or amount adopted as a standard of measurement, such as dollars, hours, or grams. |
Categorical variable | A variable that names categories ( whether with words or numerals) is called categorical. |
Quantitative variable | A variable in which the numbers act as numerical values is called quantitative. Quantitative variables always have units. |
Identifier variable | A variable holding a unique name, ID number, or other identification for a case. Identifiers are particularly useful in matching data from two different databases or relations. |