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KAT PHR 59
Gastrointestinal Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Proton pump inhibitors, prototype | omeprazole |
| Proton pump inhibitors, mechanism of action | irreversible blockade of H/K ATPase |
| Proton pump inhibitors, side effects | can affect absorption of other drugs in stomach |
| H2 receptor blocker, prototype | cimetidine |
| H2 receptor blocker, mechanism of action | block histamine |
| H2 receptor blocker, side effects (2) | antiandrogenic, CYP inhibitor (cimetidine only) |
| Prokinetic agents, prototype | metoclopramide |
| Prokinetic agent, mechanism of action | D2 block, increase stomach emptying and intestinal motility |
| Prokinetic agent, side effect (1) | parkinsonism |
| Drug used for prokinetic effects, non prototype (2) | macrolides and cholinomimetics (neostigmine) |
| Drug used for IBS | alosetron |
| Alosetron mechanism of action | 5HT3 antagonist, reduces smooth muscle activity |
| Alosetron side effects | constipation, colitis, bowel infarction |
| Lubiprostone is a _ and used for _ | chloride channel activator, IBS in women |
| Antiemetics, prototype | ondansetron |
| Ondansetron, mechanism of action | 5HT3 block in GI, CNS (antagonist) |
| Drug used for anti emetic effects in chemotherapy, mechanism, side effect | aprepitant, neurokinin 1 antagonist, CYP interaction |
| Antidiarrheal drug, prototype | loperamide |
| Antidiarrheal drug, mechanism of action | activate u receptor, slows motility |
| Antidiarrheal drug, OTC variant | kaolin, a magnesium aluminum silicate + pectin |
| IBD drug prototype | mesaclamine (5 ASA) |
| IBD drug, mechanism of action | unknown, inhibit inflammatory cytokines |
| IBD drugs, adverse affects due to | sulfapyradine |
| Drug used to prevent gallstones and mechanism | ursodiol, decrease CH secretion |
| Sucralfate is used for _, and works by _ | ulcers, forms a coating over injury |
| Misoprostol is used for _ and works by _ | NSAID induced ulcers, inhibits acid secretion as PGE1 analog |
| Colloidal bismuth is used for _ and side effect | mucosal protection, black stool |