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Enlightenment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Scientific Revolution | is an era associated primarily with the 16th and 17th centuries during which new ideas and knowledge in physics, astronomy, biology, medicine and chemistry transformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science |
| Nicolas Copernicus | created the heliocentric model of the universe . He couldn’t prove his theory but through his study of the stars he realized they didn’t stay in the same spot. |
| William Harvey | was an English scientist who was the first person to explain completely and in detail the systematic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart. |
| Galileo | an Italian physicist ,mathematician ,astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism. |
| Johannes Kepler | was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion |
| Sir Francis Bacon | was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor Rene |
| Rene Descartes | was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy', and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day. |
| Sir Isaac Newton | was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. lays the foundations for most of classical mechanics. |
| The Age of Enlightenment | an elite cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe, that sought to mobilize the power of reason in order to reform society and advance knowledge. |
| John Locke | widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. |
| Thomas Hobbes | was an English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of social contract theory |
| philopsophes | were the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment |
| progress | is to move forward or onward movement toward a destination. |
| deism | in the philosophy of religion is the standpoint that reason and observation of the natural world, without the need for organized religion, can determine that the universe is a creation and has a creator. |
| tolerance | is the practice of permitting a thing of which one disapproves, such as social, ethnic, sexual, or religious practices |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | was a major Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism. His political philosophy heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought. |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | The expectations in her society are to ensue, and to be undoubtedly, a mixture of madness and folly! She also expected the women in her society to be suppressed into a state of childlike dependency to men |
| The Vindication of the Rights of Woman | with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects (1792), written by the 18th-century British feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, is one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. |
| The Social Contract | is the book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way in which to set up a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society which he had already identified in his Discourse on Inequality |
| The General Will | is a concept in political philosophy referring to the desire or interest of a people as a whole. As used by Rousseau, the "general will" is identical to the rule of law, and to Spinoza's mens una |