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Atoms and KMT
Atoms and Kinetic Molecular Theory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atoms | smallest piece of matter that retains the properties of the element |
| nucleus | very small, very dense center of the atom with a positive charge, contains protons and nuetrons |
| proton | subatomic particle found in the nucleus, has a positive charge |
| neutron | subatomic particle found in the nucleus, has no electrical charge (neutral) |
| electron | subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus, has a negative charge |
| quark | subatomic particle that makes up protons and neutrons |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus |
| atomic mass | the average mass of an atom of an element and all its isotopes |
| periods | (Rows) horizontal rows of elements- first element a very reactive solid, last element a very non-reactive gas |
| families | (Columns) columns of elements who share similar characteristics |
| luster | shininess, high melting point |
| malleable | can be pounded into sheets- good conductors |
| ductile | can be made into wires |
| solid | particles vibrate in place packed tightly together |
| liquid | particles are spaced apart more than solids; move moderately fast and flow around each other |
| gas | particles move very fast and expand to fit the container |
| plasma | state in which matter is heated to extermely high temperature and the electrons separate from atoms |
| phase change | when a substance changes from one phase of matter to another due to gain or loss of heat energy |
| conservation of matter | matter cannot be destroyed, it can only change forms |
| physical property | any characteristic of a material such as a size or shape that you can observe without changing the identity of a material |
| matter | solids, liquids, gases, or plasmas |
| mass | measure of the amount of matter in an object; always constant |
| weight | gravitational force on an object; changes depending on the amount of gravity |
| density | the amount of mass in a certain volume; mass/volume |
| melting | when a solid changes phase to a liquid due to the addition of heat energy; happens a the melting point |
| freezing | when liquid changes to a solid due to a loss of heat energy; happens a the freezing point |
| vaporization | when a liquid changes to a gas due to the additon of heat energy; happens at the boiling point |
| sublimation | when a solid changes phases to a gas without becoming a liquid due to the addtion of heat energy |
| condensation | when a gas changes to a liquid due to a loss of heat energy |
Created by:
rjaniszewski
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