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Geography Chapter 3.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ______ is the condition of the atmosphere in one place during a short period of time. | weather |
| weather and climate are influenced by _____________ (name 4) | the amount of ocean currents, winds, direct sunlight a place recieves, and earth's surface features |
| _____________ is the term for weather patterns that an area typically experiences during a long period of time. | climate |
| the sun provides the earth with ____ and ______ | heat and light |
| only a small amount of the sun's ___________ reaches the earth's atmosphere. | radiation |
| the earth's atmosphere has been compared to a _________, which traps the sun's warmth for growing plants. | greenhouse |
| the________ keeps heat from escaping back into space too quickly. | radiation |
| without the ____________, the earth would be too cold for most living things. | greenhouse effect |
| not all places on earth get the same amount of ______ and _____ from the sun. | heat and light |
| ______________, _________, and ________ all depend somewhat on the relative positions of the sun and earth. | day and night, seasonal changes, and differing climates |
| the earth has an _____, an imaginary line that runs through the center between the North Pole and the South Pole. | axis |
| the earth's axis is tilted at a _______ angle. | 23 and 1/2 degrees |
| the axis is always tilted in the same _________. | direction |
| because the earth's axis is tilted, not all places on earth receive the same amount of direct _________. | sunlight |
| ___________ is a measure of how hot or cold something is. | temperature |
| temperature is usually measured in _______ on a set scale. | degrees |
| air temperature is usually measured in _________ or ______ | Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C) |
| the earth _____ or ______ on its axis. | rotates or spins |
| the earth makes on complete rotation every __ hours, turning from ______ to _______. | 24 hours west, to east |
| the sun shines on the earth ___ the time | all |
| as the earth spins on its axis, the part of the earth that faces the sun has | daylight |
| the part of the earth facing away from the sun has | darkness |
| as it rotates on its axis, the earth also travels in an _____, or a path around the sun | orbit |
| the earth's _________, or trip around the sun, takes ____ years, or _____ days. | revolution 1 365 and 1/4 |
| the _________ occurs each year on March 21st. This is when the sun is directly over the equator and the days and night are equal in length. | equinox |
| in the Northern Hemisphere, ___________ marks the beginning of spring. | March 21 |
| the earth gradually moves so that the direct rays of the sun strike the latitude 23 and 1/2 degrees N, or the Tropic of Cancer on ________________ | about June 21 |
| June 21st is called the ___________ | solstice |
| in the Northern Hemisphere, June 21st marks the beginning of ______________. It is the day of longest ____________ there. | summer sunlight |
| _______________ is the day that marks fall | September 23 |
| the beginning of ______ is the shortest day of the year and occurs on _________ (write the date) | winter December |
| at the _________, the sun never sets from about March 20th to September 23rd. | North Pole |
| At the _________, the sun never sets from about September 23rd to March 20th. This phenomenon is known as the _______________. | South Pole midnight sun |
| For six months, one Pole is slanted toward the sun and receives continuous __________, while the other Pole is slanted away from the sun and receives _____ sunlight at all. | sunlight no |
| the kind of climate that a place has depends in part on _________, _________, ___________, and _________. | latitude, elevation, wind&ocean currents, and landforms |
| the latitudes between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are known as the _____________. | low latitudes |
| the low latitudes receive direct rays of the sun __________. | year-round |
| places in theses latitudes have a very warm to very hot climate and are often said to be in the ___________. | tropics |
| when either the _________ or the __________ is tilted toward the sun, its polar area receives continuous sunlight. | Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere |
| starting on about ____________, the sun never sets above a line called the ____________ (66 and 1/2 degrees North) | June 21 Arctic Circle |
| in the Southern Hemisphere, the ___________ (66 and 1/2 degrees South) is a line that marks the boundary of endless daylight starting on about December 22. | Antarctic Circle |
| During times of endless daylight at the poles, they actually receive very little _________ from the sun. This is because the sun's rays that far from the equator always hit the earth as slanted rays rather than ______________ rays. | heat direct |
| the latitudes between the North Pole and the arctic circle and between the South Pole and the Antarctic Circle are known as ______________. | high latitudes |
| Places in the high latitudes receive slanted rays of the sun throughout the year and have a generally ___________ climate. | cold |
| The latitudes between the _________ and the ___________ in the Northern Hemisphere and between the __________ and the ___________ in the Southern Hemisphere are known as the _____________ latitudes. | Tropic of Cancer Arctic Circle Tropic of Capricorn Antarctic Circle middle |
| Middle Latitudes have a _________ climate--- or one that ranges from fairly hot to fairly cold. | temperate |
| The weather of most places in the middle latitudes changes dramatically with the ___________. | seasons |
| the temperature of a place depends on its __________. | elevation |
| The earth's atmosphere gets thinner as altitude _________, so air temperature ______________ with elevation. | increases decreases |
| Sunlight is very bright on top of mountains because there is less ___________ to filter out rays of the sun. | atmosphere |
| High mountains are generally ______ places covered with _____ and _______ year-round, even if the mountains are located near the equator. | cold ice snow |
| WInd and water combine with the effects of the sun to create the ______________ and ________ on the earth | weather and climates |
| ___________ occur when temperatures create differences in air pressure. | Winds |
| the earth's atmosphere is made up of _______. | gases |
| _____________________ are winds that blow in fairly constant patterns. | Prevailing winds |
| ______________ are the prevailing winds in the low latitudes. | Trade winds |
| _______________ winds blow in a west to east direction | westerlies |
| _________________ blow somewhat from the east to the west and push cold polar air toward the middle latitudes. | Polar easterlies |
| At the equator is a frequently windless area called the ______________. | doldrums |
| Cold and warm "rivers" of sea of seawater, known as ___________, flow in the ocean. | currents |
| currents are caused by the ____________,_______________, and differences in ____________ in the ocean itself. | rotation of the earth, moving air, water temperature |
| current may be ______ or ______. | warm, cold |
| ___________ water from the polar areas moves slowly toward the equator. | cold |
| the water _______ as it nears the equator. | warms |
| The warm water, in turn, moves away from the equator. This water forms the warm _____________________. | cold currents |
Created by:
allierhett