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Chemistry-Ch.1

QuestionAnswer
Def. of Chemistry study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes.
Organic Chemistry study of most CARBON-containing compounds.
Inorganic Chemistry study of NON-ORGANIC substances
Physical Chemistry study of the PROPETIES and the CHANGES of MATTER and their relation to ENERGY
Analytical Chemistry identification of the components and the composition of materials
Biochemistry study of the substances and processes occuring in LIVING THINGS.
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter
Matter anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom smallest unit of an element that mantains the chemical identity of that element
Element a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made up of one type of atom.
Compound substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. 2 or more elements chemically bonded
Extensive Properties depend on amount of matter that is present
Intensive Properties do not depend on amount of matter present
Physical Property a characteristic that can be observed or measured WITHOUT changing the identity of the substance.
Physical Change a change in a substance that DOES NOT INVOLVE A CHANGE IN THE IDENTITY of the substance
Change of State a physical change of a substance from one state to another
Solid has definite volume and definite shape
Liquid definite volume but indefinite shape
Gas indefinite volume and shape
Plasma a high-temp. physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms
Chemical Property substances ability to undergo changes that transform it intodifferent substances
Chemical Change/Reaction a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Reactants substances that react in a chemical change
Products substances that are formed by the chemical change
Mixture a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
Homogeneous aka Solution uniform in composition, equally distributed throughout
Heterogeneous not uniform throughout
Pure Substance a fixed composition
Groups/Families vertical columns of the periodic table
Periods Horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table
Metal Good electrical conductor and heat conductor, Malleable, ductile, luster, tensile strength
Malleable moldable
Ductile can be drawn into fine wire
Luster shiny
Nonmetal a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and are brittle
Metalloid has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
Every sample given has the same characteristic properties? Pure Substance
Every sample given had the same exact composition Pure Substance
Basic Research carried out to increase knowledge
Applied Research carried out to solve a problem
Technological Developement Research involves production and use of a product to improve the quality of life
A balance measures? mass
A scale measures? weight
There are how many groups? 18
There are how many periods? 7
Tensil Strangth? rsists breaking when pulled
Groups 1-17 are? why? Reactive because they are looking to be stable
Actinides? ALL radioactive
Lanthanides aka? Rare Earth Metals
Group 18 is known as? Noble gases
Group 17? Halogens
On the left side of the periodic table you will find? Metals
On the right side of the periodic table you will find? Most Nonmetals and some metalloids
In the middle of the periodic table you will find? Transition metals
Elements 58-103(the section pulled from the table?) Inner transition metals
Created by: 100000135797591
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