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Non-Fiction Terms 8

Terms for LCMS 8th grade English (Non-Fiction Unit)

QuestionAnswer
Internal Text Structure An author's use of a particular pattern or sytle of writing, in order to better communicate with his audience.
Description / Listing The writer presents information in a structure that resembles an outline. It is often presented in bulleted style, but not necessarily. Signal Words: to begin with, first, second, in addition, next, then, last, finally, another, also, most important
Chronological / Sequence The author presents a series of events or explains a procedure or process in the order they happen. Signal Words: first, second, third, now, before, after, then, next, finally, following, while, meanwhile, last, during,
Cause / Effect The author explains the reasons for an event or action taken. Signal Words: so that, because of, thus, unless, since, as a result, then, reasons for, consequently, explanation for, nevertheless, thus, accordingly
Compare / Contrast The writer discusses the similarities and differences between two ideas, objects, or processes. Signal Words: different from, same as, alike, similar to, unlike, as well as, yet, either…or, compared to, in contrast, while, although, unless, however
Problem / Solution The author introduces an idea or an issue and explains what his solution is .
Caption An explanation or description accompanying a picture or illustration.
Graphic The use of diagrams, charts, graphs, mathematical curves, or simmilar devices within a body of text. It provides the reader with more information OR arranges the information in a visual format.
Illustration A picture drawn by an artist or computer, appearing in a book or magazine.
Photograph An image produced via the photographic process.
Bias To have strong preferences about an issue. i.e. to have strong prejudice towards a particular outcome or explanation.
Byline The inclusion of an author's name in an article or news story. It can appear at the beginning or the end of the story.
Headline Opening text of a story: i.e. the very first line.
Main Idea The most important information which an author is trying to present.
Supporting Details Facts and opinions used by an author to back up his main ideas.
Summarizing THe act or skill of creating a summary.
Quotation An exact copy of a another person's words or writing in an article or news story.
Unbias To be free from bias or prejudice.
Headings A title at the head of a page or section of a book.
Subheadings Titles that divide a part or a piece of writing into shorter sections.
Venn Diagram a chart containing details on how two subjects are different in the outer circles, and details on how the subjects are alike where the circles overlap.
Table of contents A list of the chapters of a book or parts of a document organized in the order in which they appear.
Color Text Text printed in a different color in order to add emphasis.
Italic Text Text slanted to the right in order to add emphasis.
Underline Text Text that has had a line printed beneath it in order to add emphasis.
Side Bar A short block of text in a newspaper or magazine, typically boxed, giving the reader additional information.
Glossary An alphabetical listing of important words and definitions.
Index An alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc., with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book.
Footnotes An additional piece of information printed at the bottom of a page.
Annotations A note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram.
Editorial An opinion piece, usually related to politics or other controversial issues.
Facts Information that is verifiable.
Opinions Attitudes, bias or prejudices held by the author. These are not verifiable .
Author's Purpose The reason that an author chooses to write about a specific topic.
Created by: harperws
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