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Non-Fiction Terms 8
Terms for LCMS 8th grade English (Non-Fiction Unit)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Internal Text Structure | An author's use of a particular pattern or sytle of writing, in order to better communicate with his audience. |
| Description / Listing | The writer presents information in a structure that resembles an outline. It is often presented in bulleted style, but not necessarily. Signal Words: to begin with, first, second, in addition, next, then, last, finally, another, also, most important |
| Chronological / Sequence | The author presents a series of events or explains a procedure or process in the order they happen. Signal Words: first, second, third, now, before, after, then, next, finally, following, while, meanwhile, last, during, |
| Cause / Effect | The author explains the reasons for an event or action taken. Signal Words: so that, because of, thus, unless, since, as a result, then, reasons for, consequently, explanation for, nevertheless, thus, accordingly |
| Compare / Contrast | The writer discusses the similarities and differences between two ideas, objects, or processes. Signal Words: different from, same as, alike, similar to, unlike, as well as, yet, either…or, compared to, in contrast, while, although, unless, however |
| Problem / Solution | The author introduces an idea or an issue and explains what his solution is . |
| Caption | An explanation or description accompanying a picture or illustration. |
| Graphic | The use of diagrams, charts, graphs, mathematical curves, or simmilar devices within a body of text. It provides the reader with more information OR arranges the information in a visual format. |
| Illustration | A picture drawn by an artist or computer, appearing in a book or magazine. |
| Photograph | An image produced via the photographic process. |
| Bias | To have strong preferences about an issue. i.e. to have strong prejudice towards a particular outcome or explanation. |
| Byline | The inclusion of an author's name in an article or news story. It can appear at the beginning or the end of the story. |
| Headline | Opening text of a story: i.e. the very first line. |
| Main Idea | The most important information which an author is trying to present. |
| Supporting Details | Facts and opinions used by an author to back up his main ideas. |
| Summarizing | THe act or skill of creating a summary. |
| Quotation | An exact copy of a another person's words or writing in an article or news story. |
| Unbias | To be free from bias or prejudice. |
| Headings | A title at the head of a page or section of a book. |
| Subheadings | Titles that divide a part or a piece of writing into shorter sections. |
| Venn Diagram | a chart containing details on how two subjects are different in the outer circles, and details on how the subjects are alike where the circles overlap. |
| Table of contents | A list of the chapters of a book or parts of a document organized in the order in which they appear. |
| Color Text | Text printed in a different color in order to add emphasis. |
| Italic Text | Text slanted to the right in order to add emphasis. |
| Underline Text | Text that has had a line printed beneath it in order to add emphasis. |
| Side Bar | A short block of text in a newspaper or magazine, typically boxed, giving the reader additional information. |
| Glossary | An alphabetical listing of important words and definitions. |
| Index | An alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc., with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book. |
| Footnotes | An additional piece of information printed at the bottom of a page. |
| Annotations | A note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram. |
| Editorial | An opinion piece, usually related to politics or other controversial issues. |
| Facts | Information that is verifiable. |
| Opinions | Attitudes, bias or prejudices held by the author. These are not verifiable . |
| Author's Purpose | The reason that an author chooses to write about a specific topic. |