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AP Bio Chap 3

QuestionAnswer
Describe how the bonding of Hydrogen and Oxygen result in a polar molecule A water molecule is a polar molecule in which opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges. The oxygen region of the molecule has a partial negative charge and each hydrogen has a partial positive charge.
What is the structure of a water molecule? In a water molecule, two hydrogen atoms form single polar covalent bonds with an oxygen atom.
Describe how the bonding of Hydrogen and Oxygen result in Hydrogen Bonds? The slightly negative oxygen of one water molecule is attracted to the slightly positive hydrogen of nearby water molecules, forming hydrogen bonds.
Cohesion the linking of like molecules, think "water molecule joined to water molecule"
Adhesion clinging of one substance to anoter, think "water molecule attached to some other molecule"
Explain step 1 of how water’s cohesion and adhesion contribute to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a tree. Water molecules move from the roots to the leaves of a plant through water-conducting cells.
Explain step 2 of how water’s cohesion and adhesion contribute to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a tree. As water molecules evaporate from a leaf, other water molecules replace them.
Explain step 3 of how water’s cohesion and adhesion contribute to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a tree. Hydrogen bonds cause water molecules leaving the veins to tug on molecules farther down.
Explain step 4 of how water’s cohesion and adhesion contribute to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a tree. The upward pull is transmitted through water conducting cells.
Explain step 5 of how water’s cohesion and adhesion contribute to the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a tree. Adhesion of water to cell by hydrogen bonds help counter the downward pull of gravity.
Surface Tension Measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
Distinguish the difference between heat and temperature Heat is a measure of a matter's total Kinetic energy due to motion of molecules and temperature is a measure of heat intensity representing average kinetic energy of molecules.
How can two objects of different temperatures come together to become the same temperature? Molecules in the cooler object speed up at the expense of kinetic energy of the warmer object.
Why do farmers spray water on their crops as protection from overnight freezes?
What are the emergent properties of water? 1) Cohesion/Adhesion 2) Moderation of temperature 3)Insulation of bodies of water by floating ice 4) Water is a solvent
Describe Cohesion/Adhesion that contributes to earth's fitness of life cohesions is the linking of like molecules and adhesion is the clinging of one substance to another.
Describe Moderation of temperature relating to earth's fitness of life High specific heat makes the temperatures of earth's oceans relatively stable and able to support vast quantities of plant and animal life.
Describe Insulation of bodies of water by floating ice Since ice is less dense than liquid water, ice floats. This keeps large bodies of water from freezing solid and therefore moderates temperature
Describe water is a solvent to earths fitness of life solvent is substance being dissolved in, solute is substance that dissolves the solvent, together are a solution Hydrophillic/Hydrophobic substances
How do mammals cool themselves down by sweating? Heat must be absorbed to break hydrogen bonds, and heat is released when hydrogen bonds form.
The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes... Hydrogen Bonds between water molecules. This is because hydrogen bonds must be broken before a water molecule can evaporate from the liquid.
Created by: kristimcrow
 

 



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