Criticizing Attacking the person who make the argument rather than the argument itself. Of course she supports gun control - she is a liberal.

Argument from Authority

Accepting someone else's reasoning instead of forming one's own opinion. It must be true -Mr Krajca says so!

Believing that a failure to prove something false means it is true. I have never attempted to fly, and because I've never failed I assume that I can.

Using a claim as evidence to support another claim. The Yankees will win because they are the best team.

Using two related claims as if each were evidence of the other. Mr. Kelly thinks I'm a good English teacher. He would know, because as a good English teacher I assure you that he is qualified to judge.

Making an inference based on an insufficient number of examples. All students are lazy; I know because Bob is lazy and he is a student.

Cherry Picking Evidence

Purposely choosing data that supports an inference and ignoring data that disproves it. All students love Mr. Krajca. I asked all five of his favorite students and 100% liked him.

making a statement that does not logically follow from what comes before it. If you want a 5 on the AP you better stop wasting your time on the computer.

Reducing the range of possible conclusions to only two extreme positions. People either love or hate AP English.

Arguing that serious consequences will eventually result from minor causes. If we don't have a dress code, students will eventually come to school in their bathing suits.

Oversimplifying the opposing argument and attributing that argument to a hypothetical person.

Using an appeal to the heart (pathos) to distract the audience from applying their logic.

An attempt to shift the argument away from an important issue by introducing a new issue that does not have a logical connection to the discussion at hand.

An attempt to frighten the audience into agreement rather than appealing to logic.

An attempt to persuade the audience with peer pressure. A suggestion that if many people share an opinion, it must be correct.

An assumption that a belief is beyond question. For example, the existence of the soul is a dogmatic belief among many faiths.

Changing the meaning of terms within an argument. Alternatively, telling only part of the truth...lying by omitting important information.

An illogical, misleading comparison between two things.

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RHS AP English

Rhetorical Fallacies (Week 2)

Fallacy	Definition/Example
Ad Hominum Argument	Criticizing Attacking the person who make the argument rather than the argument itself. Of course she supports gun control - she is a liberal.
Argument from Authority	Accepting someone else's reasoning instead of forming one's own opinion. It must be true -Mr Krajca says so!
Appeal to Ignorance	Believing that a failure to prove something false means it is true. I have never attempted to fly, and because I've never failed I assume that I can.
Begging the Question	Using a claim as evidence to support another claim. The Yankees will win because they are the best team.
Circular Reasoning	Using two related claims as if each were evidence of the other. Mr. Kelly thinks I'm a good English teacher. He would know, because as a good English teacher I assure you that he is qualified to judge.
Hasty Generalization	Making an inference based on an insufficient number of examples. All students are lazy; I know because Bob is lazy and he is a student.
Cherry Picking Evidence	Purposely choosing data that supports an inference and ignoring data that disproves it. All students love Mr. Krajca. I asked all five of his favorite students and 100% liked him.
Non Sequitur	making a statement that does not logically follow from what comes before it. If you want a 5 on the AP you better stop wasting your time on the computer.
False Dichotomy	Reducing the range of possible conclusions to only two extreme positions. People either love or hate AP English.
Slippery Slope	Arguing that serious consequences will eventually result from minor causes. If we don't have a dress code, students will eventually come to school in their bathing suits.
Faulty Causiality (Corelation rather than Causation)	Mistaking a sign for a cause.
Straw Man Argument	Oversimplifying the opposing argument and attributing that argument to a hypothetical person.
Sentimental Appeal	Using an appeal to the heart (pathos) to distract the audience from applying their logic.
Red Herring	An attempt to shift the argument away from an important issue by introducing a new issue that does not have a logical connection to the discussion at hand.
Scare Tactics	An attempt to frighten the audience into agreement rather than appealing to logic.
Bandwagon Appeal	An attempt to persuade the audience with peer pressure. A suggestion that if many people share an opinion, it must be correct.
Dogmatism	An assumption that a belief is beyond question. For example, the existence of the soul is a dogmatic belief among many faiths.
Equivocation	Changing the meaning of terms within an argument. Alternatively, telling only part of the truth...lying by omitting important information.
Faulty Analogy	An illogical, misleading comparison between two things.

Created by: krajcag

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