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DHO Unit 13:1
Understanding the Principles of Infection Control
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| microorganism | is a small living organism that is not visible to the naked eye |
| nonpathogen | micororganisms that are part of the normal flor of the body (benefical in maintaining certain body processes) |
| pathogens | microorganisms that cause infection and disease (germs) |
| bacteria | simple, one-celled organisms that multiple rapidly |
| protozoa | one-celled animal-like microorganisms often found on decayed materials and contaminated water |
| fungi | simple, plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter |
| rickettsiae | parasitic microorganisms |
| viruses | smallest microorganisms, visible only using an electron microscope |
| hepatitis B | serum hepatitis (caused by HBV) |
| hepatitis C | caused by HCV |
| acquired immune dificiency syndrome | caused by HIV (AIDS) |
| aerobic | organisms that require oxygen to live |
| anaerobic | organisms that live and reproduce in the absence of oxygen |
| endogenous | the infection or disease originates within the body |
| exogenous | the infection or disease originates outside the body |
| nosocomial | infection that is acquired in a health care facility |
| opportunistic | infections that occur when the body's defenses are weak |
| causitive agent | pathogen within the chain of infection |
| reservoir | where the pathogen can live within the chain of infection |
| fomites | objects contaminated with infectious material |
| portal of exit | a way to escape the reservoir within the chain of infection |
| mode of transmission | way in which a pathogen can be trasferred to a another reservoir or host within the chain of infection |
| portal of entry | way to enter a new reservoir within the chain of infection |
| susceptible host | person likely to get an infection of disease within the chain of infection |
| chain of infection | 6 chain links describing the chain of infection and disease passage and how it can be broken |
| asepsis | absence of disease-producing microorganisms, or pathogens |
| Antisepsis | prevent or inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms (not spores/viruses) |
| disinfection | process that destroys or kills pathogenic organisms |
| sterilization | process that destroys ALL microorganisms |
Created by:
MrsHarwood