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RHS AP English

Argument Terms (Week 1)

TermDefinition
Analogy The use of a similar or parallel case or example to reason or argue a point.
Appeals The three primary ways that a writer can persuade an audience. Aristotle's include ethos, logos, and pathos.
Argument A claim supported by evidence or reasoning.
Backing The evidence or reasoning offered to support a claim.
Claim A statement that a writer asks the audience to accept
Data The evidence used to support a claim
Deduction (Deductive Reasoning) Using a generalization to make a claim about a specific case. Syllogistic reasoning.
Ethos An appeal to ethical or moral beliefs.
Evidence Facts or testimony used to strengthen a claim
Induction (Inductive Reasoning) Using a specific case, or group of cases to develop a generalization. There are five modes of this type of reasoning.
Inference A conclusion reached by reasoning
Logical Fallacy A misconceptions resulting from faulty reasoning
Logos An appeal based on logic or reasoning
Major Premise The first statement of a syllogism. The generalization in a deductive argument.
Minor Premise The second part of a syllogism. The particular case that the generalization applies to.
Pathos An emotional appeal to an audience in an argument
Scientific Method A system of observing and analyzing data through using inductive reasoning
Reasoning from Sign Reaching a conclusion based on the assumption that one thing or event is a reliable indicator of another thing or event
Syllogism A type of valid argument that states if the first two claims are true, then the conclusion is true. (For example: Major Premise: People are mortal. Minor Premise: Bob is a person; Conclusion: Bob will die.
Created by: krajcag
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