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9I Heat Cool @ AJHS
9I Heating and cooling @ AJHS NZ
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absolute zero | the temperature at which an object's energy is minimal |
| anemometer | a device that measures wind speed |
| cirrus | wispy, feathery clouds |
| cloud seeding | a method to modify precipitation so some form of precipitation will fall |
| condensation | the process in which water vapor becomes a fluid |
| Conduction | the transfer of energy as heat between particles as they collide within a substance or between two objects in contact. |
| Conductor | a material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat |
| Convection | the transfer of energy by the movement of fluids with different temperatures |
| Convection Current | the flow of a fluid due to heated expansion followed by cooling and contraction. it is formed by the upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air |
| Cooling System | a device that transfers energy as heat out of an object to lower the object's temperature |
| coriolis effect | the way the earth's rotation makes winds curve |
| cumulus | clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton |
| dew point | the tempature at which condensation begins |
| droughts | long periods of unusually low precipitation |
| electromagnetic waves | a form of energy that can move through the vaccum of space. They are classified according to wavelength (remember the spectrum?) |
| evaporation | the process by which water molecules in liquid escape into the airas water vapor |
| global winds | winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances |
| greenhouse effect | the process in which gases hold heat in the air |
| heat | the transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler object |
| Heating System | a device that transfers energy as heat to a substance to raide the temperature of the substance |
| humidity | a measure of the amount of water vapour in the air |
| infrared radiation | has wavelengths that are longer than red light. This type of electromagnetic radiation is not visible, but it can be felt as heat |
| Insulator | a material that is a poor energy conductor |
| jet streams | a type of wind about 10 km abouve the earths surface are bands of high speed winds called _____________. |
| land breeze | the flow of air from the land to a body of water |
| latitude | distance from the equator measured in degrees |
| local winds | winds that blow over short distances |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls from the clouds and reaches earth's surface |
| psychrometer | a device to measure relative humidity. has two thermometers, a wetbulb thermometer and a dry- bulb thermometer. |
| radiation | the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
| Refigerant | a substance used in cooling systems that transfers large amounts of energy as it changes state |
| relative humidity | the percentage of water vapor that is actually in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a certain tempature |
| scattering | a process in which dust particles and gases in the atmosphere reflect in all directions |
| sea breeze or lake breeze | a local wind that blows from an ocean or a lake |
| Specific Heat | the amount of energy transferred as heat that will raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K |
| stratus | clouds that form in flat layers |
| tempature | the average amount of energy of motion of each particle of a substance; a measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles within an object |
| heat transfer | conduction, convection, and radiation |
| thermal energy | the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance |
| thermometer | a thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains liquid, usually mercury or colored alcohol. air temperature is measured with this. |
| ultraviolet radiation | an invisible form of radiation that is shorter than violet light. it can cause sunburns, eye damage, adn skin cancer |
| Visible light | this type of electromagnetic radiation arrives in the form of colors you can see. it has the medium wavelenghth in this chapter |
| water cycle | the movement of water between the atmosphere and the earth's surface |
| wind | the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure |
| wind- chill factor | the increased cooling a wind can cause |
Created by:
johncl
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