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7J Elect @ AJHS NZ
7J Electricity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ammeter | Measures how much electricity is flowing around a circuit. Placed in series. |
| amp (A) | The unit for current. Number of electrons per second passing through. |
| atom | The smallest part of an element. |
| cell | A source of electricity with a low ‘energy’. Cells push electrons round a circuit so each can carry energy [voltage]. |
| circuit | A complete loop that electricity flows around. |
| component | Something in a circuit, like a bulb, switch or motor. |
| conductor | A material that lets electricity flow through it. All metals and graphite. |
| earth wire | The green and yellow wire in a cable or plug. |
| electric current | The flow of electrons around a circuit from a region of high potential [big bar] to a region of low potential [little bar. |
| electric shock | When electricity flows through the body. |
| electrical energy | The kind of energy carried by electricity. |
| electron | Tiny negative particle that flows around a circuit. |
| filament | Thin piece of wire inside a light bulb that glows when electricity is flowing through it. |
| fuse | A piece of wire that melts if too much electricity flows through it. |
| impulse | Electrical signal carried by a nerve cell. |
| insulator | A material that does not let electricity flow through it. |
| live wire | The brown wire in a cable or plug. |
| mains (electricity) | Alternating current at 230 V provided to houses, shops etc. |
| model | A scientific way of thinking about how things happen. |
| nerve | Carries messages around the body. |
| neutral wire | The blue wire in a cable or plug. |
| parallel circuit | A circuit with two or more wires running next to each other. |
| power pack | A source of electricity with a low energy (low voltage). |
| resistance | A way of saying how difficult it is for electricity to flow through something. |
| resistor | A component that makes it difficult for electricity to flow – resistors are used to control the size of the current in a circuit. |
| series circuit | A circuit where there is only one loop of wire. |
| switch | Turns electricity on or off, by closing or opening a gap in a circuit. |
| variable resistor | A resistor that can be adjusted to change the amount of resistance it has. |
| voltage | A way of saying how much energy is transferred by electricity. Joules per electron bundle. |
| voltmeter | Feels either side of a component. Measures how much energy is transferred by electricity. |
| closed circuit | complete pathway that electricity flows through |
| open circuit | incomplete path that does NOT let electricity flow through |
| conductor | material that electricity travels through (water, human, metal, air) |
| insulator | material that electricity does NOT travel through (plastic, rubber, wood, concrete, dirt) |
| series circuit | ONE pathway, but it passes through several bulbs before it gets back to the battery;if one bulb is disconnected, they all go out. |
| parallel circuit | MORE THAN ONE circuits that run next to each other; more than one path of electricity and if one bulb is disconnected, the rest stay lit because each circuit has its own connection |
| Switch | something that can stop electricity from flowing and allow electricity to flow; opens or closes a circuit |
| circuit breaker | prevents a fire when too much electricity flows through a closed circuit by breaking and opening the circuit; purpose is to prevent a fire |
Created by:
johncl
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