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chapter 2 chemistry
Question | Answer |
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mass | a measure of the amount of matter the object contains |
volume | a measure of the space occupied by the object |
extensive property | a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample |
intensive property | a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter |
substance | matter that has a uniform and definite composition |
physical property | a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's composition |
solid | form of matter that has definite shape and volume |
liquid | form of matter that has an indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume |
gas | form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container |
vapor | describes the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature, as in water vapor |
physical change | some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change |
mixture | is a physical blend of two or more components |
homogeneous mixture | is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout |
heterogeneous mixture | A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout |
solution | Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a |
phase | is used to describe any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties |
filtration | The process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture |
distillation | a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid |
element | is the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties |
compound | is a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion |
chemical change | is a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter |
chemical symbol | Each element is represented by a one or two letter |
chemical property | The ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change |
chemical reaction | One or more substances change into one or more new substances |
reactant | A substance present at the start of the reaction |
product | A substance produced in the reaction |
precipitate | a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture |
the law of conservation of mass | states that in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved |