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22 quickie

QuestionAnswer
The smallest subdivisions of the lung visible with the naked eye are the _____________, which appear to be connected by black carbon in smokers. lobule
Systemic venous blood that is to be oxygenated in the lungs is delivered by the ____________, and the ____________ provide oxygenated systemic blood to lung tissue. pulmonary arteries, bronchial arteries
________, the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing. Transpulmonary pressure
Quiet inspiration is ____________, and quiet expiration is ______________. an active process; a passive process
Which of the following processes are unique to the respiratory system? pulmonary ventilation and external respiration
Which of the following represents all of the processes involved in respiration in the correct order? Pulmonary ventilation; External respiration; Transport of respiratory gases; Internal respiration
What is the driving force behind pulmonary ventilation? volume changes of the thoracic cavity
What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation after the deepest inhalation called? vital capacity
Which of the following is the most powerful respiratory stimulant? Rising CO2 levels
What is ventilation-perfusion coupling? Matching the amount of gas reaching the alveoli to the blood flow in pulmonary capillaries
__________ has a greater partial pressure in the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli, so it diffuses into the __________. CO2; alveoli
Which gas law explains why there is as much CO2 exchanged between the alveoli and blood as there is O2 exchanged, despite the fact that the partial pressure difference is so much smaller for CO2? Henry’s law
How would the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 change in an exercising muscle? The partial pressure of O2 would decrease, and the partial pressure of CO2 would increase.
Which way would O2 and CO2 diffuse during internal respiration? O2 would diffuse into the cells, and CO2 would diffuse into the systemic capillaries.
Internal and external respiration depends on several factors. Which of the following is NOT an important factor in gas exchange? the molecular weight of the gas
Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release from, hemoglobin? partial pressure of oxygen
What determines the respiratory rhythm in the body? medullary respiratory centers
What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person? blood carbon dioxide level
Emphysema is distinguished by permanent shrinkage of the alveoli. false
Atmospheric pressure is ___ 760
Intrapulmonary pressure is pressure within the _____ alveoli
Intrapleural pressure is pressure within the ____ pleural cavity
Intrapleural pressure is always ____ than intrapulmonary less by 4mmHg
______ pressure is the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleurel pressure and keeps the lungs open transpulmonary
Name the law : At constant temperature, the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume. Boyle’s Law
Driving force of ventilation is pressure gradient caused by changes in the thoracic cavity
Alveolar ventilation rate is: the movement of air into and out of the alveoli during a particular time. AVR = Breaths per minute × (TV - Dead space)
Hemoglobin has a tendency to release oxygen where: pH is more acidic.
The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is______, which is about 35% less than that of the atmospheric PO2. ~104 mmHG
_____ describes the increase in depth and force of breathing that occurs during vigorous exercise? Hyperpnea
Approximately 20% of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as: carbaminohemoglobin.
An example of an enzyme located in the lung capillary membrane that acts on material in the blood is: angiotensin converting enzyme.
External respiration refers to gas exchange between the blood and the alveoli. T/F True
The transpulmonary air pressure is greatest during initial inspiratory events. T/F False Greatest at the start of expiration
Without the secretions of the type II alveolar cells, the lungs would collapse between breaths. T/F True
The dorsal respiratory group is the expiratory center. T/F False the DRG stimulates the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, which are inspiratory muscles.
_____ are the hairs within the nasal cavity that filter coarse particles, such as pollen and dust, from inspired air? Vibrissae
______ reflects poor oxygen delivery resulting from too few RBCs or from RBCs that contain abnormal or too little HB anemic hypoxia
______ results when blood circulation is impaired or blocked. Items such as cardiac heart failure, emboli, thombi etc. ischemic hypoxia
__________ occurs when body cells are unable to use O2 even when adequate amounts are delivered, such as in arsenic poisoning. Histotoxic hypoxia
__________ is indicated by reduced arterial Po2 and possible causes include pulmonary disease and low oxygen in breathable air. Hypoxemic hypoxia
Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that influences pulmonary ventilation? -partial pressure of oxygen in the air -alveolar surface tension -airway resistance -lung compliance Partial pressure of oxygen
The driving force for pulmonary ventilation is ______ a pressure gradient created by changes in the thoracic volume
________ is a condition where Pco2 levels rise in the blood and accumulate in the brain. hypercapnia
______ is the increase in ventilation in response to metabolic needs ie excercise hyperpnea
A respiratory genetic disease the causes a person to put out oceans of mucus Cystic fibrosis
An example of an enzyme located in the lung capillary membrane that acts on material in the blood is: angiotensin converting enzyme.
______________ pressure keeps the air spaces in the lung open. transpulmonary
The major function of the respiratory system is to supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide. To accomplish this function, at least four processes, collectively called respiration, must happen: (1) Pulmonary ventilation; (2) External respiration; (3) Transport of respiratory gases; (4) Internal respiration.
Created by: hkrawietz
 

 



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