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Chemistry QsI-III

FINAL

QuestionAnswer
science dealing with the molecular and atomic structure of matter and of the composition of substances chemistry
the study of compounds usually containing elements other than carbon inorganic chemistry
the study of certain carbon compound organic chemistry
chemistry of living things, study of compounds produced by living things biochemistry
chemistry of embalming embalming chemistry
chemistry of death thanatochemistry
indicates the quantity of matter present in an object mass
have definite shape and volume solid
no definite shape, but have a definite volume liquid
no definite shape or definite volume gas
a change in which no new substance is produced, although there may be a change of state, density, or both physical change
a change in which one or more new substances disappear and a new substance or substances are formed chemical change
solid to liquid melting
liquid to solid freezing
liquid to gas boiling
vapor to liquid condensation
directly from solid to gas sublimation
cremation, embalming, and decomposition are all ____ changes chemical
properties which tell us what a substance is: color, taste, solubility, density, hardness, melting point, freezing point physical properties
properties which tell us what a substance does: reacting or not reacting in air, with an acid, burning/not burning with a flame chemical properties
the building blocks of all matter, cannot be broken down by ordinary means elements
a substance consisting of two or more atoms combined chemically in definite proportions by mass compound
a combination of two or more substances not chemically united and not in definite proportions by mass mixture
smallest portion of an element that retains all of the properties of the element atom
a combination of two or more atoms molecules
an atom that has either lost of gained electrons in its highest energy level ion
a loss of electrons oxidation
a gain of electrons reduction
the substance reduced in a redox reaction oxidizing agent
the substance oxidized in a redox reaction reducing agent
homogenous mixture of two or more substances evenly distributed in each other true solution
pass through membranes and filter true solution
particle size is less than 1nm (nanometer) true solution
the material dissolved in a solution solute
the liquid material in which the solute has been dissolved solvent
solution-like system in which particles pass through filters but not membranes colloid
particle size is between 1nm and 100nm colloid
a mixture of a solute and solvent in which the solute particles will not pass through membranes or filters suspension
particle size is greater than 100nm suspension
compounds that yield hydrogen ions in a water solution acids
compounds that yield hydroxide ions in a water solution bases
formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and base salts
the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration pH
acidic pH 0-6.9
neutral pH 7
basic (alkaline) pH 7.1-14
substances that, in solution, are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original or constant pH of the solution buffer
organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups alcohol
general formula for an alcohol ROH
organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups (carbonyl groups) aldehyde
general formula for aldehyde RCHO
functional group for aldehyde carbonyl group
a saturated hydrocarbon, only carbon-carbon single bonds alkane
unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond alkene
unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond alkyne
pertaining to any member of one of the two major groups of organic compounds, those having either straight or branched chain structures aliphatic
the existence of an element in two or more distinct forms allotropism
an organic compound containing nitrogen amine
any compound formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals amine
any compound containing a resonance-stabilized ring such as benzene or toluene aromatic
a compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydroxy alcohol carbohydrate
an organic compound containing two aldehyde (-CHO) radicals dialdehyde
a compound formed from an alcohol and organic (carboxylic) acid by removal of water ester
general formula for an ester RCOOR
organic compound formed by the dehydration between two alchols ether
general formula for an ether ROR
formaldehyde gas dissolved in water formalin
formalin is ____% by weight and ___% by volume 37% by weight, 40% by volume
a chemical reaction in which a substance is broken down by water hydrolysis
a class of organic compounds containing the carbonyl group C=O whose carbon atom is joined to two other carbon atoms-the C=O group occurs within the carbon chain ketone
general formula for ketone RCOR
branch of chemistry that deals with certain carbon-containing compounds organic chemistry
a large molecule made by linking together a number of monomers, or basic chemical units polymer
surface-active agents that are usually used for disinfection of skin, oral, and nasal cavities and instruments quaternary ammonium compounds
a hydrocarbon which contains only single bonds saturated hydrocarbon
organic compound that has one or more double or triple bonds between two carbon atoms unsaturated hydrocarbon
phenol is an aromatic
two other synonyms for phenol carbolic acid, hydroxybenzene
two other names for methanol wood alcohol, methyl alcohol
two other names for ethanol grain alcohol, ethyl alcohol
another name for formaldehyde methanal
methyl salicylate is also called oil of wintergreen
benzyl alkonium chloride is a QUAT
three polysaccharides starch, glycogen, cellulose
formed by the oxidation of an aldehyde carboxylic acids
produced by the reaction of an organic acid with an alcohol ester
formed during the dehydration of an alcohol where sulfuric acid is the dehydrating agent ether
derived from ammonia amines
formed by the action of tertiary amines with organic halides quaternary ammonium salts
Created by: amyziolkowski
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