Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Serous Fluid
Urinalysis and Bodily Fluids-Serous Fluid
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is serous fluid? | Fluid between the inner & outer layers of serous membranes (parietal & visceral) lining closed cavities of the body |
| What is the function of serous fluid? | REDUCES FRICTION (LUBRICATION) |
| What are the 3 types of serous fluids and where are they from? | 1.PLEURAL MEMBRANE SURROUNDING LUNGS 2.PERICARDIAL MEMBRANE AROUND HEART 3.PERITONEAL (ASCITES) MEMBRANE AROUND ABDOMINAL ORGANS |
| What are the 2 ways that serous fluid is formed? | 1.ULTRAFILTRATE OF PLASMA 2.EFFUSIONS INCREASED FLUID THAT FORMS WHEN DISRUPTION OF THE BALANCE BETWEEN FORMATION & REABSORPTION OCCURS |
| Which formation of serous fluid is abnormal? | Effusions |
| How is serous fluid collected and how much ? | BY NEEDLE ASPIRATION COLLECT 100 ml |
| Where is the serous fluid distributed and what kind of preservatives for each? | DISTRIBUTED INTO 2 TUBES LIQUID EDTA FOR HEMATOLOGY HEPARINIZED FOR OTHER TESTS |
| How soon is Serous fluid tested after capture? | PERFORM TESTING ASAP |
| How are SPECIMENS FOR pH DRAWN (FOR SEROUS)? | ANAEROBICALLY ON ICE |
| What is THORACENTES(FOR SEROUS)? | PUNCTURE OF CHEST PLEURAL FLUID |
| What is PERICARDIOCENTESIS (FOR SEROUS)? | PUNCTURE OF PERICARDIUM PERICARDIAL FLUID |
| What is PARACENTESIS(FOR SEROUS)? | PUNCTURE OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY PERITONEUM ASCITES (PERITONEAL FLUID) |
| Transudates (FOR SEROUS)? | FLUID FORMED WHEN BALANCE BETWEEN FLUID FILTRATION & REABSORPTION IS DISRUPTED NOTHING WRONG WITH MEMBRANE, BUT SUBSTANCES ARE MOVING ACROSS MEMBRANE INTO TRANSUDATE |
| What 2 illnesses are associated with transudates(FOR SEROUS)? | CHF; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME |
| Exudates (FOR SEROUS)? | Fluid formed due to conditions directly involving the membranes themselves. |
| What 2 types of problems are assoc. with exudates(FOR SEROUS)? | infections and malignancies |
| Exudate or Transudate (FOR SEROUS)? | CLEAR <1000 WBCs/ul < 60 mg/dl CHOL <0.5 (fluid:serum protein ratio) No spontaneous clotting |
| Exudate or Transudate(FOR SEROUS)? | CLOUDY >1000 WBCs/ul RBC > 100,000/ul > 60 mg/dl CHOL > 0.5 (fluid:serum protein ratio) Spontaneous clotting possible |
| For a virus, what wbcs will be seen in a diff (FOR SEROUS)? | lymphs and monos |
| For a bacteria, what wbcs will be seen(FOR SEROUS)? | segs |
| (FOR SEROUS) what 2 types of cells are counted? | wbcs and rbcs |
| (FOR SEROUS) what stain is used for a cytocentrifuged sample? | Wright Stain |
| What types of cells are looked for on a diff (FOR SEROUS)? | wbc, normal and malignant tissue cells |
| What for chemistry tests are performed (FOR SEROUS)? | glucose, pH, amylase, and triglycerides |
| For Pleural Fluid what 2 types? | transudate or exudate |
| For Pleural Fluid what is the normal appearance and viscosity? | transudate is normal as clear and pale yellow |
| For Pleural Fluid what does the abnormal exudate appear as (3 possibilities and explanations) | 1.turbid-wbcs & infection/inflammation 2.bloody-hemothorax 3.milky-chylous (fatty)-trig present |
| For Pleural Fluid give the cholesterol levels for transudate v. exudate: | trans-chol<60 mg/dL exudate-chol>60mg/dL |
| For Pleural Fluid give the fluid to serum chol ratios for trans v. exudate: | trans-fluid to serum chol ratio=<0.3 exudate-fluid to serum chol ratio=>0.3 |
| For Pleural Fluid under what # should wbcs fall for a transudate? | <1000/ul |
| For Pleural Fluid what cells are normal for transudate? | some neutrophils, mostly lymphs, eos and mesothelial cells |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, increased neutrophils would indicate? | infection (pneumonia) |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, increased lymphs would indicate what 4 possibilities? | tb, viral, malignancy, Lupus (SLE) |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, increased eosinophils would indicate what 3? | trauma, allergy or parasites |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, no reactive mesothelial cells would indicate? | TB |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, LE cells would indicate? | autoimmune disorder SLE |
| For Pleural Fluid Hematology tests, describe mesothelial cells | single, small or large, round cells with abundant blue cytoplasm and round nucleii with uniform dark purple cytoplasm |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests, what would decreased glucose (<60 mg/dL) be assoc. with (2)? | 1.RA 2.inflammation or purulent infection |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests, what does increased Lactate indicate? | bacterial infections |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests, a pH of <7.3 indicates? | need chest tube drainage |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests, a pH of <6 indicates? | esophageal rupture |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests,when is amylase increased? | pancreatitis |
| For Pleural Fluid chemical tests,what does triglyceride confirm? | chylous effusions |
| For Pleural Fluid mircobiology tests,what 2 tests and stains are performed? | 1.culture and gram stain 2.TB culture and AFB stain |
| For Pleural Fluid serology tests,what 3 tests are performed? | 1.ANA 2.RF 3.CEA Tumor marker (carcino embryonic antigen) |
| For PERICARDIAL Fluid what is the normal appearance and viscosity? | normal and transudate are clear and pale yellow |
| For PERICARDIAL Fluid what are the abnormal/effusions the same as? | Pleural Fluid except the bloody would be an accidental cardiac puncture |
| For PERICARDIAL Fluid, what would be indicative of bacterial endocarditis? | >1000/uL wbcs with high % neutrophils |
| For PERICARDIAL Fluid, what would the presence of malignant cells indicate? | metastatic lung or breast cancer |
| For PERICARDIAL Fluid what tests in microbiology would be performed for bacterial endocarditis? | culture and gram stain |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES), what is the normal appearance and viscosity? | clear and pale yellow |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what would turbidity suggest? | wbcs & infection/inflammation |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what would green (bile) suggest? 2 | gallbladder, pancreas |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what would bloody suggest? 3 | trauma, infection, malignancy |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what would milky suggest? | chylous (fatty) =trauma or lymph blockage |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what is the normal wbc count with how many neutrophils? | <500 with <50% neutrophils |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) under 50% neutrophils and greater than 500 wbcs indicates | Cirrhosis |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what do malignant cells contain? what does this indicate? | mucin filled vacuoles which indicates metastatic tumors |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what does decreased glucose indicate? 2 | 1.TB peritonitis 2.malignancy |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) when is amylase increased? | pancreatitis |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what does elevated alkaline phosphatase indicate? | intestinal perforations |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what is a positive BUN and Creatinine indicative of? | ruptured bladder |
| For PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES) what is being tested for in a culture and gram stain? | bacterial peritonitis |
Created by:
Melissafass