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CH23-FINAL EXAM
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| THE MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL RECEPTORS THAT CONTROL DIGESTIVE ACTIVITY ARE LOCATED | IN THE WALLS OF THE TRACT ORGANS |
| THE FUNCTION OF THE HEPATIC PORTAL CIRCULATION IS TO | COLLECT ABSORBED NUTRIENTS FOR METABOLIC PROCESSING OR STORAGE |
| THE CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL PROCESSES OF FOOD BREAKDOWN ARE CALLED | DIGESTION |
| WHEN WE INGEST LARGE MOLECULES SUCH AS LIPIDS CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEINS THEY MUST UNDERGO CATABOLIC REACTIONS WHEREBY ENZYMES SLIT THESE MOLECULES. THIS SERIES OF REACTIONS IS CALLED | CHEMICAL DIGESTION |
| THE SHEETS OF PERITONEAL MEMBRANE THAT HOLD THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN PLACE ARE CALLED | MESENTERIES |
| FROM THE ESOPHAGUS TO THE ANAL CANAL THE WALLS OF EVERY ORGAN OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL ARE MADE UP OF THE SAME 4 BASIC LAYERS. ARRANGE THEM IN ORDER FROM THE LUMEN | MUCOSA, SUBMUCOSA, MUSCULARIS EXTERNA, & SEROSA |
| WHAT IS NOT A FACTOR THAT HELPS CREATE THE STOMACH MUCOSAL BARRIER | RENNIN |
| WHAT PART OF THE TOOTH BEARS THE FORCE OF CHEWING | ENAMEL |
| THE CAPILLARIES THAT NOURISH THE EPITHELIUM AND ABSORB DIGESTED NUTRIENTS LIE IN THE | LAMINA PROPRIA |
| WHICH HORMONE CAUSES AN INCREASED OUTPUT OF ENZYME RICH PANCREATIC JUICE AND STIMULATES GALLBLADDER CONTRACTION TO RELEASE BILE | CHOLECYSTOKININ |
| CHOOSE AN INCORRECT STATEMENT REGARDING BILE | BILE CONTAINS ENZYMES FOR DIGESTION |
| THE ABSORBATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IS ENHANCED BY INCREASING THE SURFACE AREA OF THE MUCOSAL LINING. WHAT ACCOMPLISHES THIS TASK? | PLICAE CIRCULARES AND INTESTINAL VILLI |
| WHAT STATEMENT IS TRUE ABOUT PRIMARY TEETH | THERE ARE 20 PRIMARY TEETH, AND BY 24 MONTHS OF AGE MOST CHILDREN HAVE ALL 20 |
| WHAT STATEMENT IS TRUE REGARDING PERMANENT TEETH? | THERE ARE 32 PERMANENT TEETH, AND THE WISDOM TEETH ARE THE LAST TO EMERGE. |
| WHAT IS TRUE ABOUT SALIVA | CONTAINS ENZYMES THAT BEGIN THE BREAKDOWN OF PROTEINS |
| THE SALIVARY GLANDS ARE COMPOSED OF WHICH TWO TYPES OF SECRETORY CELLS | SEROUS CELLS AND MUCOUS CELLS |
| THE SOLUTES CONTAINED IN SALIVA INCLUDE | ELECTROLYTES, DIGESTIVE ENZYME, MUCIN, LYSOZYME, WASTESM AND IgA |
| IN ADDITION TO STORAGE AND MECHANICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD THE STOMACH | INITIATES PROTEIN DIGESTION AND DENATURES PROTEIN |
| CHYME IS CREATED IN THE | STOMACH |
| HYDROCHLORIC ACID IS SECRETED BY WHICH OF THE SECRETORY CELLS OF THE STOMACH | PARIETAL CELLS |
| GASTRIN, HISTAMINE, ENDORPHINS, SEROTONIN, CHOLECYSTOKININ & SOMATOSTATIN ARE HORMONES OR PARACRINES THAT ARE RELEASED DIRECTLY IN TH THE LAMINA PROPRIA. WHAT TYPE OF CELL SYNTHESIZE AND SECRETE THESE PRODUCTS | ENTEROENDOCRINE CELLS |
| THERE ARE 3 PHASES OF GASTRIC SECRETION. THE CEPHALIC PHASE OCCURS | BEFORE FOOD ENTERS THE STOMACH AND IS TRIGGERED BY AROMA, SIGHT OR THOUGHT |
| PERISTALTIC WAVES ARE | WAVES OF MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONS THAT PROPEL CONTENTS FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER. |
| GASTRIN IS A DIGESTIVE HORMONE THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE STIMULATION OF ACID SECRETIONS IN THE STOMACH. THE SECRETIONS ARE STIMULATED BY THE PRESENCES OF | PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE FRAGMENTS |
| PEPSINOGEN, A DIGESTIVE ENZYME IS SECRETED BY THE | CHIEF CELLS OF THE STOMACH |
| YOU HAVE JUST EATEN A MEAL HIGH IN COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES. WHAT ENZYME WILL HELP YOU DIGEST THIS MEAL | AMYLASE |
| THE DUCTS THAT DELIVER BILE AND PANCREATIC JUICE FROM THE LIVER AND PANCREAS RESPECTIVELY UNITE TO FORM THE | HEPATOPANCREATIC AMPULLA |
| THE ENZYMATIC BREAKDOWN OF ANY TYPE OF FOOD MOLECULE IS CALLED | HYDOLYSIS |
| SHORT CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES FOUND IN FOODS SUCH AS BUTTERFAT MOLECULES IN MILK ARE SPLIT BY SPECIFIC ENZYME IN PREPARATION FOR ABSORPTION. WHAT ENZYME IS RESPONSIBLE | LIPASE |
| PARIETAL CELLS OF THE STOMACH PRODUCE | HYDROCHLORIC ACID |
| HEPATOCYTES DO NOT | PRODUCE DIGESTIVE ENZYMES |
| WHAT IS NOT A PHASE OF GASTRIC SECRETION | ENTEROGASTRIC |
| WHICH VITAMIN REQUIRES INTRINSIC FACTOR IN ORDER TO BE ABSORBED | B12 |
| CHIEF CELLS________ | ARE FOUND IN THE BASAL REGIONS OF THE GASTRIC GLANDS |
| CHEMICAL DIGESTION REDUCES LARGE COMPLEX MOLECULES TO SIMPLER COMPOUNDS BY THE PROCESS OF | CATABOLISM |
| THE_________ CONTAINS LOBULES WITH SINUSOIDS (LINE WITH MACROPHAGES) THAT LEAD TO A CENTRAL VENOUS STRUCTURE | LIVER |
| IF AN INCISION HAS TO BE MADE IN THE SMALL INTESTINE TO REMOVE AN OBSTRUCTION THE FIRST LAYER OF TISSUE TO BE CUT IS THE | SEROSA |
| THE TERMINAL PORTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IS KNOWN AS THE | ILEUM |
| THE DENTAL FORMULA FOR AN ADULT IS 2-1-2-3 WHAT DOES 1 STAND FOR | CANINE TOOTH |
| DIGESTION OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE AFFECTED THE MOST IF THE LIVER WERE SEVERELY DAMAGED | LIPIDS |
| _____ IS LOCALLY REGULATED IN THE BLOOD BY THE ACTIVE FORM OF VITAMIN D WHICH ACTS AS A COFACTOR | CALCIUM |
| IMPORTANT PERITONEAL FOLDS DO NOT INCLUDE THE | ROUND LIGAMENT |
| THE LAMINA PROPRIA IS COMPOSED OF | LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
| _____ARE NOT IMPORTANT AS A STIMULUS IN THE GASTRIC PHASE OF GASTRIC SECRETION | CARBOHYDRATES |
| PANCREATIC AMYLASE DOES NOT GET TO THE SMALL INTESTINE VIA THE | CYSTIC DUCT |
| THE FUNCTION OF GOBLET CELLS IS TO | PRODUCE MUCUS THAT PROTECTS PARTS OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS FROM THE EFFECTS OF POWERFUL ENZYMES NEEDED FOR FOOD DIGESTION |
| WHAT IS AN ESSENTIAL ROLE PLAYED BY LARGE INTESTINE BACTERIA | SYNTHESIZE VITAMIN K AND B COMPLEX VITAMINS |
| NERVOUS CONTROL OF GASTRIC SECRETION IS PROVIDED BY | THE VAGUS NERVE AND ENTERIC PLEXUS |
| WHAT TYPES OF PAPILLAE ON THE TONGUE THAT CONTAIN TASTE BUDS | FUNGIFORM, CIRCUMVALLATE |
| WHAT PRODUCES INTRINSIC FACTOR | PARIETAL CELLS |
| WHAT ENZYMES ARE SPECIFIC FOR PROTEINS | TRYPSIN |
| SURGICAL CUTTING OF THE LINGUAL FRENULUM WOULD OCCUR IN WHICH PART OF THE BODY | TONGUE |
| A FLUID SECRETED INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE DURING DIGESTION THAT CONTAINS CHOLESTEROL, EMULSIFICATION AGENTS, AD PHOSPHOLIPIDS IS | BILE |
| THE LAYER OF THE DIGESTIVE TUBE THAT CONTAINS BLOOD VESSELS, LYMPHATIC NODES, AND A RICH SUPPLY OF ELASTIC FIBERS IS THE | SUBMUCOSA |
| WHAT IS NOT A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE LARGE INTESTINE | IT IS LONGER THAN THE SMALL INTESTINE |
| WHAT STOMACH SECRETION IS NECESSARY FOR NORMAL HEMOGLOBIN PRODUCTION OF RBC | INTRINSIC FACTOR |
| HOW ARE MOST NUTRIENTS ABDORBED THROUGH THE MUCOSA OF THE INTESTINAL VILLA | ACTIVE TRANSPORT DRIVEN OR INDIRECTLY BY METABOLIC ENERGY |
| WHAT IS A CORRECT STATEMENT ABOUT THE REGULATION OF GASTRIC SECRETION | GASTRIC SECRETION CAN BE STIMULATED BEFORE FOOD HAS ENTERED THE MOUTH |
| PANETH CELLS_____ | SECRETE ENZYMES THAT KILL BACTERIA |
| WHAT IS A CORRECT STATEMENT ABOUT THE DIGESTIVE PROCESS | CHYME ENTERING THE DUODENUM CAN DECREASE GASTRIC MOTILITY VIA THE ENTEROGASTRIC REFLEX |
| CHEMICAL DIGESTION IN THE SMALL INTESTINE INVOLVES | CHOLECYSTOKININ(CKK) AN INTESTINAL HORMONE RESPONSIBLE FOR GALLBLADDER CONTRACTION |
| WHAT IS A CORRECT STATEMENT ABOUT ABSORPTION | IF INTACT PROTEINS ARE TRANSPORTED ACROSS THE VILLUS EPITHELIUM AN IMMUNE RESPONSE MAY BE GENERATED |
| WHAT IS A CORRECT STATEMENT ABOUT ELECTROLYTE ABSORPTION | IRON AND CALCIUM ARE ABSORBED MOSTLY BY THE DUODENUM |
| YOU HAVE JUST EATEN FRENCH FRIES, BUTTERED TOAST, ICE CREAM, AND WHOLE MILK. WHAT GLANDS WOULD BE ACTIVE IN HELPING YOU DIGEST THIS FOOD | PANCREAS |
| THE INGESTION OF A MEAL HIGH IN FAT CONTENT WOULD CAUSE WHAT TO OCCUR | BILE WOULD BE RELEASED FROM THE GALLBLADDER TO EMULSIFY THE FAT IN THE DUODENUM |
| THE MUCOSA OF THE DEVELOPING ALIMENTARY TUBE COMES FROM | ENDODERM |
| A BABY ADMTED TO HOSPITAL W/ HISTORY OF PROJECTILE VOMITING AFTER EACH FEEDING.ON EXAM IT'S FOUND THE SPHINCTER CONTROLLING FOOD PASSAGE FROM STOMACH TO DUODENUM IS THICKENED & DOESNT OPEN READILY. BECAUSE OF LOSS OF GASTRIC JUICE HIS BLOOD MAY INDICATE | ALKALOSIS |
| HORMONES OR PARACRINES THAT INHIBIT GASTRIC SECRETION INCLUDE | SECRETIN |
| WHAT IS NOT A PART OF SPLANCHNIC CIRCULATION | INFERIOR VENA CAVA |
| WHAT IS NOT A COMPONENT OF SALIVA | NITRIC OXIDE |
Created by:
TRESCEE