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skull xray

skull positioning and anatomy

QuestionAnswer
AP Axial (Towne Method) for cranum (skull series) CR is 30 degress caudad to OML; or 37 degress caudad to IOML CR is 2.5" above glabella (through 3/4" superior to level of EAMs) Criteria-dorsum sellae is seen within the foramen magnum, no rotation evident by symmetric appearance of petrous pyramids
Lateral for cranium (skull series) CR perpendicular to IR-2" superior to EAM, MSP parallel to IR and IPL perpendicular to IR, IOML parallel to edge of IR Criteria-no tilt evident by superimposed orbital plates, no rotation evident by superimposed mandibular rami
PA Caldwell for cranium (skull series OML perpendicular to IR, MSP perpendicular to IR, CR 15 degress caudad to OML, centered to exit at nasion Criteria-petrous ridges projected in lower 1/3 of orbits, no rotation evident by equal distance between orbits and lateral skull
PA 0 degree for cranium (skull series) CR perpendicular to IR, centered to exit at glabella Criteria-petrous ridges at level of superior orbital margin, no rotation evident by equal distance beween orbits and lateral skull
Submentovertex for cranium (skull series) IOML parallel to IR, CR angled to be perpendicular to IOML, centered to 3/4" anterior to level of EAMs (midpoint between angles of mandible)
Lateral for facial bones CR perpendicular to IR, centered to midway between EAM and outer canthus, IOML parallel to IR, IPL perpendicular to IR Criteria-no tilt evident by superimposed orbital plates, no rotation evident by superimposed mandibular rami
Parietoacanthial (waters) for facial bones MML is perpendicular to IR puting OML 37 degrees to IR, CR is perpendicular to IR, to exit at acanthion Criteria-petrous ridges just inferior to floor of maxillary sinuses, no rotation evident by equal distance between orbits and lateral skull
Created by: angelle613
 

 



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