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Absolute pathname
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Linux + Chapter 3

Exploring Linux Filesystems

QuestionAnswer
Absolute pathname The full pathname to a certain file or directory, starting from the root directory
Home directory A directory on the file system set aside for users to store personal files and information
~ (metacharacter) a metacharacter used to represent a user's home directory
pwd A Linux command used to display the current directory in the directory tree.
cd change directory. If you do not specify a destination directory, the cd command returns you to your home directory.
Relative pathname The pathname of a target directory relative to your current directory in the tree.
Linked files files that have an association with one another; they can represent the same data or they can point to another file.
Special device files A file used to identify hardware devices such as hard disks and serial ports.
Named pipe files A file used to identify a channel that passes information from one process in memory to another.
Socket file A named pipe connecting processes on two different computers; it can also be represented by a file on the file system.
Filenames The user-friendly identifier given to a file. Can include up to 255 characters, but usually are not longer than 20 characters.
ls The most common method for displaying files. The ls command displays all the files in the current directory in columnar format.
. (period character) Refers to the current working directory.
.. (double-period character) Refers to the parent directory relative to your current location in the directory tree.
ls -a Option to the ls command that lists all file names.
-l Lists file names in long format.
-R Lists file names in the specified directory and all sub-directories.
-r Lists file names reverse sorted.
* Wildcard metacharacter that matches 0 or more characters in a file name.
? Wildcard metacharacter that matches 1 character in a file name.
[aegh] Matches 1 character in a file name as specified within the brackets.
[a-e] Matches 1 character in a file name - provided this character is either an a, b, c, d, or e.
[!a-e] Matches 1 character in a file name - provided this character is not an a, b, c, d, or e.
cat command Stands for concatenation. The joining of text to make one larger whole. In Linux, words and strings of text are joined together to form a displayed file.
tac command Displays a file on the screen, beginning with the last line of the file and ending with the first line of the file.
Head command displays the first 10 lines of a text file.
Tail command Displays the last 10 lines of a text file.
More command A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page and line-by-line on the terminal screen.
Less command A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page on the terminal screen; users can then use the cursor keys to navigate the file.
Strings command This command searches for text characters in a binary file and outputs them to the screen.
od command Displays the content of the file in octal format (numeric base 8)
Regular expressions (regexp) Special metacharacters used to match patterns of text within text files; they are commonly used by text tool commands, including grep.
grep command Short for "global regular expression print" is used to display lines in a text file that match a certain common regular expression.
egrep command to display lines of text that match extended regular expressions.
fgrep command Only searches extended expressions and is faster than the grep command.
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