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NC Paramedic drugs
National and State Drugs for EMT-P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| *Activated Charcoal Class: Adsorbent* Mechanism of Action | Adsorbs toxic substances from the gastrointestinal tract; onset is immediate |
| *Activated Charcoal Class: Adsorbent* Indications | Most oral poisonings and medication overdoses; can be used after ecvacuation of poisons |
| *Activated Charcoal Class: Adsorbent* Contraindications | ALOC; non patant AW; ingest corrosives, caustics, or petroleum distillates |
| *Activated Charcoal Class: Adsorbent* Adverse Reactions | Nausea and vomiting; constipation; black stools |
| *Activated Charcoal Class: Adsorbent* Dosage and Route | Adult: 1-2 g/kg PO Pedi: 1-2 g/kg PO or NGT |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Mechanism of Action | Slows conduction time through the AV node; slows heart rate; acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells. Is drug of choice for re-entry SVT. Used diagnostically for stable, wide-complex tachycardias of unk type after two doses of lidocaine |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Indications | Conversion of PSVT to sinus rhythm. May convert re-entry SVT due to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Not effective in converting A-fib or V-tac. |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Contraindications | 2nd or 3rd block or sick sinus syndrome, A-fib, v-tac, hypersensitivity, or poison-induced tachycardia |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Adverse Reactions | Facial flushing, SoB, angina, headache, paresthesia, diaphoresis, palpitations, hypotension, nauses, metallic taste |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Dosage and Route Adult | Adult: 6mg IV over 1-3 sec, wait 1-2 mins, if no effect push 12 mg, 1-2 mins, repeat once more if necessary. Flush c 20mL saline c each dose. |
| *Adenosine (Adenocard) Class: Endogenous nucleotide* Dosage and Route Pediatric | Pedi 0.1mg/kg IV (Max 6mg) push over 1-3 secs, p 1-2 mins no effect, repeat c 0.2mg/kg (Max 12mg) push over 1-3 secs, p 1-2 mins no effect repeat once more. Flush c 20mL saline p each dose. |
| *Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator* Mechanism of Action | Selective beta-2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympathomimetic nervous system resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature |
| *Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator* Indications | Rx of bronchospasm in pts c reversible obstructive airway disease (COPD/asthma). Prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm. |
| *Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator* Contraindications | Hypersensitivity, tachycardia arrhythmias (esp caused by digitalis. Synergistic c other sympathomimetics. |
| *Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator* Adverse Reactions | Restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia, + BP, paradoxical bronchospasm |
| *Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) Class: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator* Dose and Route | A:2.5mg, dilute 0.5ml of 0.5% solution for inhalation w/2.5ml normal saline in neb and admin over 10-15 mins. MDI: 1-2 inh w/5 mins b/t inh. P: 0.01-0.03ml (0.05-0.15 mg/kg/dose diluted in 2ml of 0.9% NS. May repeat q 20 mins. |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Mechanism of Action | Blocks sodium channels and myocardial potassium channels |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Indications | V-Fib/pulseless V-tach and unstable V-tach in pts refractory to other therapy |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Contraindications | Hypersensitivity, cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia, and 2/3 degree AV block (unless functional pacemaker is available) |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Adverse Reactions | Hypotension, bradycardia, prolongation of the P-R, QRS, and Q-T intervals |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Dose and Route Adult, V-fib/ pulseless V-tach unresponsive to CPR, defib, and vasopressors | 300mg IV/IO push (dilute in 20-30 mL of D5W). Initial dose can be followed one time in 3-5 minutes at 150 mg IV/IO push. |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Dose and Route Adult, Recurrent life threatening ventricular arrhythmias | Maximum cumulative dose is 2.2 g/24 hours, Rapid Infusion: 150 mg IV/IO over 10 min, may repeat every 10 mins as needed, Slow Infusion: 360mg IV/IO over 6 hrs, Maintenance Infusion: 540mg IV/IO over 18 hrs |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Dose and Route Ped, Refractory V-Fib/pulseless V-tach | 5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus, can repeat this dose up to a total dose of 15 mg/kg per 24 hrs. Max single dose is 300 mg |
| *Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) Class: Antiarrhythmic* Dose and Route Ped, Perfusing supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias | Loading dose of 5 mg/kg IV/IO over 20-60 mins (max dose of 300 mg) can repeat to max of 15 mg/kg per day |
| *Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Thiosulfate (Cyanide Antidote Kit) Class: Antidote* Mechanism of Action | Amyl nitrite: affinity for cyanide ions; reacts w/ hemoglobin to form methemoglobin (low toxicity); sodium nitrite: same as amyl nitrite; sodium thiosulfate: produces thiocyanate, which is then excreted |
| *Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Thiosulfate (Cyanide Antidote Kit) Class: Antidote* Indications | Cyanide or hydrocyanic acid poisoning |
| *Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Thiosulfate (Cyanide Antidote Kit) Class: Antidote* Contraindications | Not applicable |
| *Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Thiosulfate (Cyanide Antidote Kit) Class: Antidote* Adverse Reactions | Excessive doses of amyl nitrite and sodium nitrite can produce severe, life threatening methemoglobinemia. Use only recommended doses |
| *Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Thiosulfate (Cyanide Antidote Kit) Class: Antidote* Dose and Route | Adult: Amyl nitrite: breathe 30 secs out of every minute. Sodium Thiosulfate and sodium nitrite: IV per antidote kit directions. Ped: Same as adult |
| *Aspirin, Class: Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent* Mechanism of action | Prostaglandin inhibition |
| *Aspirin, Class: Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent* Indications | New onset chest pain suggestive of acute myocardial infarction. Signs and symptoms suggestive of recent cerebrovascular accident |
| *Aspirin, Class: Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent* Contraindications | Hypersensitivity. Relatively contraindicated in pts w/ active ulcer disease or asthma |
| *Aspirin, Class: Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent* Adverse reactions | Heartburn, GI bleeding, prolonged bleeding, N/V. Wheezing in allergic pts |
| *Aspirin, Class: Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent* Dose and route | Adult only: 160 mg to 325 mg PO |
Created by:
jerrettdavis