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Cardiac Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which chamber of the heart has the greatest workload and usually fails first? | Left ventricle |
| What is the natural pacemaker of the heart? | SA node |
| What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on the heart? | Decreases heart rate |
| What is the purpose of the epicardium of the heart? | Covers the heart muscles and prevents friction |
| The layer of the artery wall that helps maintain diastolic blood pressure is compound of what type of tissues? | Smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue |
| What rate can the av node initiate a heartbeat? | 40 to 60 |
| What factor is reflected by CVP? | Hydration |
| The nurse is caring for a patient whose troponin I level shows elevation. What would you do? | Maintain bed rest |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who takes a thiazide diuretic. what instructions should the nurse give to a patient who reports fatigue due to sleep deprivation? | Take medication early in the day |
| In planning care for patients, what ethnic group should the nurse understand is most sensitive to the effects of the beta blocker propranlol (Inderal)? | African Americans |
| A nurse is caring for a patient who has hypertension and heart failure. The nurse reviews the patient's medications and asks the student why the patient is receiving Lasix. Which of the following statements, if made by the student. Would be best? | By removing excess water, blood pressure and then cardiac workload are lowered so the heart doesn't work so hard. |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving Lasix for treatment of hypertension. Which of the laboratory test should the nurse carefully monitor? | Potassium |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who is taken Bumex. The nurse recognizes that the patient understands important dietary interventions if the patient reports eating which vegetable? | Broccoli |
| The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has hypertension. Which of these foods should the nurse include for a diet low in cholesterol and saturated fat? | Grilled chicken |
| For a patient with stage 1 hypertension, initial drug therapy would include which medication? | Hydrochlorothiazide |
| The nurse would evaluate a patient as requiring more teaching for the medication Bumex if the patient stated? | I should limit my potassium intake |
| A patient taking Dyrenium for mild hypertension, indicates to the nurse correct understanding of teaching by? | I will avoid potassium rich foods such as bananas and take medications after meals |
| The nurse is providing care for a patient with newly diagnosed mild hypertension. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient? | Reserpine(Serpalan) |
| The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a patient who has a mitral valve prolapse. What statment should be included in teaching? | You may have a possible need for prophylactic antibiotics |
| The nurse reinforced teaching for a patient with aortic stenosis. Which statement indicates to the nurse understanding of the teaching? | There is impaired emptying of the left ventricle |
| The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient diagnosed with mitral valve regurgitation who asks, " What does that really mean?" What statement would the nurse give? | There is backflow of blood into the left atrium |
| The nurse is contributing to a patients plan of care. During medication administration, which medication would the nurse understand as being prescribed to treat a patient with aortic stenosis who has symptoms of heart failure? | Bumetanide (Bumex) |
| Which individual with a heart valve disorder is suspectible to developing the complication of fluid excess volume? | 68 year old female on digoxin |
| A patient with aortic stenosis is being treated for heart failure. Which of the following mediations would the nurse question? | Digoxin (Lanoxin) |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with pericarditis. Which type of medication would the nurse expect to administer to the patient? | Anti-inflammatory medications |
| A patient who has DVT is recieving heparin drip and Coumadin thearpy. They patient's gum bled during oral care. What action would the nurse take? | Notify RN |
| Before the nurse administers Coumadin to a patient, which lab value should be checked? | INR |
| The nurse is contributing to the teaching plan for a patient who is taking nitroglycerin. Which of these actions should be included if chest pain occurs? | Take 1 tablet every 5 minutes for three doses until pain is relieved |
| A patient who develops chest pain that radiates down the left arm has all of these measures prescribed. Which one should the nurse do first? | Apply oxygen at 2L/min. |
| The nurse recieves a telephone call from a relative who was diagnosed with angina last year. The relative reports taking 5 nitroglycerin tablets but still has chest pain. What would be the best advice for the nurse to give this relative? | I will call an ambulance and report your chest pain. |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who has history of angina and all of the following medications prescribed. Which medication would the nurse adminsiter when the patient reports chest pain? | Nitroglycerin SL |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who was treated for cardiogenic shock and has an order for catopril (Capoten). Vital signs are blood pressure 120/70 mmHg, pulse 85 beats/min, and respirations 16 breaths/min. What action should the nurse take? | Administer the dose |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who is being prepared for coronary atherectomy. Which order should the nurse expect to adminster? | Administration of an antiplatelet |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who has long-standing asthma and stable angina. Which drug could be safely given? | Atenolol(Tenormin) |
| The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has Buerger's disease on the most important modifable risk factor for Buerger's disease. What would be a correct statement of teaching? | Smoking |
| The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has been prsecribed a new medication. For which of the following types of medications should be patient be instructed there is the possibility of developing cough taking this drug? | Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor |
| The nurse is reinforcing teaching who has had a pacemaker implanted in the right side of the chest. Which of these patient statements indicates correct understanding of the discharge teaching? | Grounded microwave ovens may be safely used. |
| A patient who is recieve Bumex in 1 hour has less ankle edema and neck vein distention than earlier. What should the nurse do? | Notify the RN. |
| A patient is receiving Digoxin daily. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse need to report for follow-up related to the digoxin? | Skin flushing |
| The nurse is assisting with the care of a patient who receives Bumex 3 mg IV. Which action should the nurse take after the medication is given? | Listen to heart sounds for irregular heart rhythms. |
| The nurse is caring for a patient to recieve Lasix. which lab result should the nurse review first? | Serum Potassium |
| The nurse is giving a patient Lasix 20 mg orally. The patient's potassium level is 3 meg/L. What action should the nurse take? | Consult the RN before giving Lasix. |
| A patient is getting K-LOR 10 meq/L, Bumix 20 mg, and digoxin 0.125 mg orally. That patient's morning potassium level is 4.2mg/L. The nurse is scheduled to give K-LOR 10meq/L now. Which action should the nurse take? | Give the K-Lor as scheduled now. |
| A patient is receiving K-LOR 20 meq/L, Lasix 20 mg, and digoxin 0.125 mg orally. Patient's potassium level is 4. The patient's output for the last 24 hrs is 350ml. What should the nurse do? | Inform the RN. |
| The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a patient taking antirejection medication following a heart transplant. Which of the beverages should the patient avoid? | Grapefruit Juice |
| The nurse is preparing for a cardiac CT scan. The patient's creatinine levels indicate mild renal insufficiency. Which should the nurse expect to be ordered before and after the procedure. | N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) |
| The nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a patient who has a diagnosis of chest pain of 7 hrs duration. The lab revealed an elevated troponin and myoglobin level. What actions should the nurse take? Multiple response | Provide bedpan for elimination, provide rest in bed or chair, elevate head of bed. |
| As part of discharge teaching, the nurse is instructing a patient on the use of digoxin. What should be included in the teaching? Multiple response | Take pulse before taking medication and if below 60 or above 100, call the physician, report blurred vision, photophobia or seeing yelloish green halos, take medication exactly as directed at the same time each day. |
| What is the term when a stretched condition of the heart muscle at the end of diastole just before contractions. | Preload |
| What is the term when pressure against the left ventricle must pump blood during contraction. | Afterload |
| Which of the following would define preload? | Degree of stretch in ventricles before systole |
| A patient is started on Bumex. Which of the following would the most important for the nurse to monitor? | Muscle weakness |
| The nurse is contributing to a plan of care for a patient who has had a 5lb weight gain in 2 days, pitting edema of the ankles, lung crackles, and distended neck veins. Which nursing diagnosis would be given priority in the plan of care? | urinary retention |
| A patient has a chronic peripheral arterial disease. During neurovascular checks, the nurse finds an absent left pedal pulse and a cyanotic leg. What should the nurse do? | Notify the RN immediately. |
| What lab tests should the nurse review for a patient with a possible MI? | Troponin I and myoglobin |
| The nurse is assisting with admission of a patient who presents with symptoms of an acute MI. Which activity should the be the highest priority for the nurse? | Relieve pain |
| A patient who develops chest pain says the pain is a 9 on a scale of 10. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? | Notify RN |
| A patient reports acute pain and numbness in the left leg. The nurse notes the left leg is pale and coller than the right leg. What should the nurse do? | Notify RN |
| The nurse is contributing to a patient's teaching plan. The patient is prescribed niacin. What specific recommendations should be included in the teaching plan? | Take asprin 30 minutes before niacin to reduce flushing. |
| What is a build up of fatty plaque on the inside of the areteries causing the lumen to narrow? | Athersclerosis |
| What is a word for hardening of the valves preventing them to opern properly? | Stenosis |
| What is a deficiency in the blood supply to the tissues? | Ischemia |
| What are open sores that appear on the legs due to poor circulation? | Venous Stasis Ulcer |
| What is another name for High Density Lipoprotein? | Good Cholesterol |
| What procedure reopens the narrowed blood vessels and restores blood flow in the corotid or peripheral arteries? | Angioplasty |
| A sudden obstruction of a blood vessel, may stay lodged in the blood vessels | Thrombus |
| What is a moving blood clot? | Embolus |
| What is the name for a heartrate of less than 60 bpm? | Bradycardia |
| What if the name for a heartrate greater than 100 bpm? | Tachycardia |
| What is angina that changes frequently and is more severe? | Unstable angina |
| What is angina that only changes with with exercise and is usually relieved by rest or notroglycerin? | Stable angina |
| What is the protein that is released into the blood as an indicator of a recent MI? | Troponin 1 |
| What makes the heart's electrical signals delay more and more with each heartbeat and eventually makes it skip a beat? | Second degree heart block type 1 -wenckebach's block |
| What makes the heart p-r intervals a constant length and usually every second, third, and fourth beat the qrs is dropped? | Second degree heart block type 2 |
| How do you give IV potassium? | Slowly and cautiously to prevent cardiac arrest |
| When a patient has an aortic aneurysm what will you expect them to have? | Back pain |
| What would be used to prevent an attack of Reynaud's disease? | Avoid stimulation that causes vasoconstriction |
| What is a dissecting aneursym? | Where the blood goes between the layers of a blood vessel resulting in necrosis |
| What will a nurse give a patient with a history of angina for chest pain? | Nitroglycerin SL |
| What does a P-wave represent? | Atrial depolarization |
| What is the first positive wave in a normal cardiac cycle? | P-Wave |
| Which wave is the first negative after a P-wave? | Q-wave |
| What is the second positive wave in a normal cardiac cycle? | R-wave |
| What represents ventricular repolarization? | T-wave |
| What represents ventricular depolarization? | QRS-complex |
| What indicates an electrical impulse from the SA node? | An upright T-wave |
| Where and how long do you take the pulse of a person with a pacemaker? | Take the radial pulse for 1 full minute |
| What will you find in a patient in ventricular fibrillation? | Absent peripheral pulses |
| What is the initial electrical treatment for v-fib? | Defibrillation at 200 joules |
| Where is the SA node found? | In the right atrium |
| Where does the electrical impulse travel to? | Atrioventricular node |
| What lead is the most commonly used lead on an ECG? | lead 2 |
| What juice should be avoided when taking Coumadin? | cranberry juice |
Created by:
mtddr1