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Psychology - Ch7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a qualitative change in mental processes such as that which occurs in sleep? | Altered State |
| People spend about how many years of their lives in altered states of consciousness? | 20-25 years |
| What state is sleep not considered of? | Unconsciousness |
| What waves are emitted when you begin to fall asleep and are associated with the absence of concentrated thought and with relaxation? | Alpha waves |
| During what stage of sleep do your muscles relax and your pulse slows down but your breathing and brain waves become uneven and irregular? | Stage I of sleep |
| During what stage of sleep does your brain waves alternate between high and low voltage? | Stage II |
| What stage of sleep is referred to as deep sleep? | Stage four |
| Bed-wetting and sleepwalking occur during what type of sleep? | Deep sleep |
| Almost all dreaming occurs during what stage of the sleep cycle? | The last one, REM Sleep. |
| REM sleeps for about how many minutes? | 10 |
| The full sleep cycle last for about how many minutes? | 90 |
| The mental activity that occurs during sleep is called what? | Dreaming |
| Who first pointed out the importance of dream interp to psychology and developed a method of interpreting the meanings of dreams? | Sigmund Freud |
| What is a form of altered conscious in which a person becomes suggestible and doesn't use his or her critical thinking ability? | Hypnosis |
| During "blank" which differs from sleep, a person becomes highly receptive and responsive to both internal and external stimuli. | A hypnotic trance |
| Which pehnomenon occurs when the subject at the suggestion of the hypnotist, remembers or forgets certain things after hypnosis? | Posthypnotic suggestion. |
| Which behaviors have been reduced by the use of posthypnotic suggestion? | Overeating and smoking. |
| Who was a prominent researcher of hypnosis and felt that it is not a special state of consciousness? | Theodore Barber |
| Which theory was Hilgard's belief that consciousness includes many different aspects that may become separated during hypnosis? | Neodissociation theory. |
| What are sensations or perceptions that have no direct external cause? | Hallucinations |
| Normal tend to hallucinate when they are deprived of what? | Sleep |
| The elimination of all external stimuli is called what? | Sensory deprivation |
| The drugs of interest for the study of consciousness affect that what nervous system? | Central |
| The active ingredient in marijuana is called what? | Tetrohydrocannabinol |
| What is the best-known and most studied hallucinogen? | LSD |
| An LSD "trip" or state of altered ccconsciousness can last up to how many hours? | 14 |
| What hallucinations are quite common with LSD? | Perceptual |
| WHat reactions are the most common of LSD's unpleasant side effects? | Panic |
| The most widely used and abused mind-altering substance is what? | Alcohol |
| Despite its stimulating effect alcohol is a what? | Depressant |
| What involves learning to control internal physiological processes with the help of information from these physiological states? | Biofeedback |
| The basic principle of biofeedback is that feedback makes what possible? | Learning |
| What is a process concerned with focusing attention on a image or thought with the goal of "clearing one's mind" and achieving an "inner peace"? | Meditation |
| Researchers have shown that when people meditate their what state changes? | Physiological |
| Benson argues that most forms of meditation produce the same result, which he calls the what? | Relaxation response |
| High blood pressure affects about what percent of American adults? | 33% |
| When blood pressure goes up and stays up it is called what? | Hypertension |
| High blood pressure is a common cause of what? (Blood vessel damage to the brain). | Stroke |
| How much of sleep is NREM sleep for adults? For babies? | 75% for Adults and 50% for babies. |
| What are signs of Stage I sleep? How long does it last? | Breathing uneven, brain waves irregular. 10 minutes. |
| What are signs of Stage II sleep? How long does it last? | Brain waves occasionally shift from low-amplitude/high-frequency to high-amplitude/low-frequency. 30 minutes. |
| What are signs of Stage III sleep? | Large-amplitude delta waves which sweep brain every second or so. |
| What are signs of Stage IV sleep? | Large, irregular delta waves which occur during more than 50% of this stage. |
| What are signs of REM sleep? What is it often called? Which hormones increase? | Pulse and breathing irregular. Adrenal and sexual hormones. Muscles twitch or are paralyzed. Brain waves resemble fully awake person. |
Created by:
aster