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RADIO-PATH CH 4 REV
CHAPTER 4 REVIEW
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| esophageal atresia is classified as a ??? condition of teh GI system | CONGENITAL |
| an outpouching of the bowel wall caused by a weakening inits muscular layer is: | DIVERTICULUM |
| the raiographic string of the radiographic string is associaed with which diesaseE | REGIONAL ENTERITIS |
| celiac disease is a type of: | MALABSORPTION SYNDROME |
| the appearance of a schatzki's ring is associated with a ????? hernia | SLIDING |
| a congenital, neurogenic disease of the GI system characterized by an absnece of neurong in the wall is | HIRSCHSPRUNG'S DISEASE |
| THE FEWEST GI TUMORS, BOTH BENIGN AND MALIGNANT, OCCUR IN THE: | SMALL BOWEL |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OF COLON CANCER | 1)THE MAJORITY OF ADENOCARCINOMAS OF THE COLON OCCUR IN THE RECTOSIGMNOID AREA 2)THE APPEARANCE OF THE "APPLE CORE" LESION IS INDICATVIE OF COLON CANCER 3)ADENOMATOUS POLYPS CAN DEVELOP INTO ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE COLON |
| A TWISTING OF BOWEL ABOUT ITS MESENTERIC BASE BEST REFERS TO A: | VOLVULUS |
| THE CONDITION IN WHICH A GALLSTONE ERODES FROM THE GALLBLADDER AND CREATES A FISTULA TO THE SMALL BOWEL IS: | GALLSTONE ILEUS |
| DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCES, BOTH CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAHIC BETWEEN MECHANICAL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION AND PARALYTIC ILEUS | |
| EXPLAIN THE CONNECTION BETWEEN COLONIC POLYPS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER | COLONIC POLYPS-SM MASSES OF TISSUE ARISING FROM THE BOWEL WALL TO PROJECT INWARD INTO THE LUMEN |
| DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF CT IN THE STAGING OF VARIOUS GI CANCERS | |
| EXPLAIN THE PHYSIOLOGIC ALTERATION THAT CAUSES ESOPHAGEAL VARICES AND DESCRIBE THE RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THIS DISORDER. | |
| COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE VAROIUS GASTRIC TUBES IN TERMS OF THEIR USES AND RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE. | |
| LEVIN TUBE | MOST COMMON,SMALL SINGLE LUMEN WITH PLAIN TIP VISUALIZED RADIOGRAPHICALLY*FEEDING TUBES HEAD MUIST REMAIN ELEVATED TO PRVENT TUBE BEIG DISPLACED - LEADS TO ASPIRATION OF GASTRIC CONTENTS - MAY BE PLACED SX IN ANY PORTION OF GI SYSTEM |
| EWALD OR EDLICH TUBE | USED IF LARGE AMTS OF GASTRIC CONTENTS TO BE ASPIRATED QUICKLY (GASTRIC LAVAGE)THEY ARE PLACED THRU MOUTH, WIDER THAN LEVIN TUBE, CONTAIN SEVERAL OPENINGS THAT ALLOW THAT ALLOW QUICKER ASPIRATION. |
| LEVACUATOR TUBE | PLACED THRU MOUTH - MAY BE USED FOR EVACUATION OF GASTRIC CONTENTS - WIDE DBL LUMEN USEC FOR GASTRIC LAVAGE, SMALLEER LUMEN ALLOWS INSTILLATION OF AN IRRIGANT |
| ENTERAL TUBE | SMALL CALIBER TUBE USED TO DELIVER A LIQUID DIET DIRECTLY TO THE DUODENUM OR JEJUNUM. WEIGHTED END TO HOLD TUBE IN PROPER PLACEMENT. |
| DUBHOFF TUBE | COMMON RADIOPAQUE ENTERAL TUBE - OTHER PROLONGED ENTERAL TUBES INCLUDE CORPAK AND ENTRIFLEX TUBES. |
| NASOENTERIC DECOMPRESSION TUBES | USED TO REMOVE GAS ADNFLUIDS IN PREVENTON ND TREATMENT OF ABDOMINAL DISTENSION. ONE END IS A BALLOON OR RUBGBER BAG FILLED WITH AIR, MERCURY, OR WATER TO STIMULATE PERISTALSIS AND FACILITATE PASSAGE THRU THE PYLORUS INTO THE INTESTINAL TRACT. |
| MILLER-ABBOTT TUBE | COMMON TYPE OF DBL LUMEN DECOMPRESSION TUBE. PASSED THRU NOSE,PHARYNX AND ESOPHAGUS WITH THE BALLOON UNINFLATED. ONCE THE END OF THE TUBE REACHES STOMACH, THE BALLOON IS INFLATD AND TUBE IS PULLED BACK UNTIL IT STOPS AT THE CARDIAC SPINCTER. PATIENT IS PL |
| HARRIS AND CANTOR TUBES | OTHER TYPES OF DECOMPRESSION TUBES, UNLIKE THE MILLER-ABBOTT, CANOR AND HARRIS CONTAIN SINGLE LUMEN. |
| GASTROSTOMY TUBE | INDICATES THAT THAT THE TUBE IS PLACED IN THE STOMACH,WHERAS A DUODENOSTOMY TUBE OR JEJUNOSTOMY TUBE IS SPECIFIC TO THAT PORTION OF THE INTESTINES. |
| PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY TUBE | FREQUENTLY PLACED ENDOSCOPICALLY - THESE TUBES PROVIDE A DIRECT ROUTE FOR ADMIJNISTERING LIQUID FEEDINGS. |
| RADIOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF THE GI SYSTEM IS COMMONLY A COMBO OF FLUOROSCOPY AND RADIOGRAPHY | FLUOROSCOPY - DYNAMIC INOFORMATION RADIOGRAPHS - PROVIDE PERMANENT STATIC RECORD OF THE EXAM. REQUIRES POS. AND NEG. CONTRAST AGENTS TO VISUALZE THE BODY PARTS. |
| ESOPHAGEAL STUDY | ESOPAHAGUS TRANSPORT OF FOOD AOR LIQUID BOLUS THROU SWALLOWING IS SOLE FUNCTION OF ESOPH AND ACCOMPLISHED BY PERISTALSIS AND GRAVITY. |
| GLUCAGON | GIVEN TO RELAX STOMACH MUSCULATURE. |
| ENTEROCLYSIS | SMALL BOWEL ENEMA - ADVANCE INTESTINALTUBE THRU PAATIENTS MOUTH TO END OF DUODENUM AT LIGAMENT OF TREITZ. CONTRAST AGENTS - POS AND NEG DIRECTLY INJECTED INTO SMALL BOWEL |
| UPPER GI | BARIUM SULFATE FLOWS FROM ESOPHAGUS INTO STOMACH AND SMALL BOWEL. BARIUM READHES STOMACH, RAD EVALUATES CONTOUR, POSITION, RUGAE AND PERISTALTIC CHANGES AS STOMACH FILLES AND EMPTIE. |
| SMALL BOWEL | BARUM SULFATE MIXTURE FOLLOWED AS PROGESSES THRU SMALL INTESTINES. RADIOGRAHS ARE EXPOSED AT SET INTERVALS TO DETERMINE GI MOTILITY AND DEMONSTRATE ABNORMALITIES. ONCE CONTRAST AGENT REACHES ILEOCECAL VALVE, SMALL BOWEL STUDY IS COMPLETE - TYPICALLY 2-3 |
| LARGE BOWEL | EXAMINED BY ADMINISTERING BARIUM ENEMA THRU RECTUKM. EXAM DEMONSTRATES ABNORMALITIES OF LG. BOWEL ANDINTRALUMINAL NEOPLASMS. CAN BE SINGLE OR DBL. NEG. DISTENDS LUMEN ALLOWING BETTER VISUAL OF MUCOSAL LINING ESP SM POLPS ANDINTALUMINAL TURMORS. RADIOLOGIS |
| COLOSTOMY | PROCEDURE IN WHICH A STOMA IS SX CREATED TO THE ABDOMINAL WALL TO ALLOW DRAINAGE OF BOWEL CONTENTS INTO A CLOSED POUCH HUNG OUTSIDE THE BODY. PLACED IN SIGMOID AND DESCENDING COLONG USUALLY BECAUSEOF RECTAL OR SIGMOID CANCER. THOSE PLACED IN TRANSVERSE OR |
| ILEOSTOMY | STOMA SX CREATED TO THE ILEUM TO ALLOW DRAINAGE OF BOWEL CONTENTS INTO A CLOSED POUCH HUNG OUTSIDE THE BODY - MOST COMMON INDICATION ULCERATIVE COLITIS. |
| CT FOR ABDOMEN AND GI SYSTEM. | VISUALIZE SMALL DIFFERENCES IN TISSUE DENSITIES-CLEARLY DEMONSTRATES ABD ORGANS NORMALLY NOT APPARENT ON CONVENTIOAL ABDOMINAL RADIOGRAPHS W/O CONTRAST MEDIA. USEFUL IN EVAL OF RETROPERIOTONEAL PATHOLOGY LIKE LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT FROM NEOPLASTIC DISEASE |
| VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY | ALLOWS THE RADIOLOGIST AND ENDOSCOPIST RTO VIEW IN THREE DIMENSIONS LANDMARKS AND STRUCTURES THAT MAY NOT BE SEEN DURING CONVENTIONAL COLONSCOPY. |
| MRI | EVAL OF GI TRACT IS LIMITED BY BOWEL MOTION; MRI IS USEFUL IN DEMONSTRATING THE PRESENCE OF RETROPERITONEAL MASSES IMPINGING ON GI SYSTEM. BREATH-HOLDING IMAGIN - TECH TO VISUALIZE ABD ORGANS IN SECONDS. 3 DIMENSIONAL CONTRAST MRA USED TO IMAGE ARTERIAL |
| SONOGRAPHY | NOT USEFUL IN IMAGING THE GI SYSTEM - USED EXTENSIVELY TO IMAGE RETROPERITONEUM B/CUZ OF FLEXIBILITY OF ANGLING TRANSDUCER TO IMAGE THAT REGION. AORTA, KIDNEYS, LYMPH NODES AND ADRENAL GLANDS WITH U/S MAKES POSSIBLE TO IMAGE BEHIND BOWEL AND ASESS FOR ABN |
| NUCLEAR MED | GI BLEED SCAN QUICK, NONINVASIVE AND HELP DIRECT ANGIOGRAHERS TO SITE OF BLEEDING . LABELS RED BLOD CELLS TO IDENTIFY THE SITE OF BLEED**GASTRIC EMPTYING SCANS ASSESSD RATE FOOD EXITS STOMACH INTO DUODENUM.**PET MAYH BE USED TO EVAL AND STAGE GI CANCERS. |
| ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES | ENDOSCOPY-USE OF TUBULAR FIBEROPTIC DEVICES TO LOOK INSIDE GI TRAACT AND HOLLOW ORGANS OR CAVITIES OF BODY**UPPER SEEING DOWNINTO ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, DUODENUM AND PROXIMAL JEJUNUM.COLONOSCOPY-VISUAL OF RETROGRADE THRU RECTUM TO TERMINAL ILEUM. SM BOWEL OU |
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rdc9875