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obgyn2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sonographic findings of fetal hydrops in Rh sensitization include all except which of the following? | thinning placenta |
| Severe generalized massive fetal edema describes: | anasarca |
| A condition in which the fetus is not growing as fast as normal is termed: | intrauterine growth restriction |
| Asymmetric growth restriction may show all EXCEPT which of the following? | body and head small for dates |
| The normal amniotic fluid index (AFI) should range between: | 5-22 cm |
| One of the growth problems of the diabetic fetus is: | macrosomia |
| Significant maternal risk factors for IUGR include all except which of the following? | significant hypotension |
| Which statement about amniotic fluid is false? | An amniotic fluid pocket greater than 5 cm may represent IUGR. |
| IUGR is most commonly defined as a fetal birth weight: | at or below the 10% for a given gestational age. |
| Which of the following is not a parameter of a biophysical profile? | fetal swallowing |
| Increased vascular resistance to the fetus is reflected by a/an: | increase in S/D ratio |
| Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight: | above 90% for estimated gestational age |
| The single most useful biometric parameter to assess fetal growth is: | abdominal circumference |
| The placenta of the macrosomic fetus can become: | significantly large |
| Symmetric IUGR is usually the result of: | first trimester insult |
| Asymmetric IUGR is usually caused by: | placental insufficiency |
| Assessing amniotic fluid volume using the sum of four quadrants is called: | amniotic fluid index |
| An AFI of 7 cm is considered: | within lower limits of the normal amniotic fluid volume |
| What is the most frequent sonographic finding in ectopic pregnancy? | an adnexal mass |
| What is the most common pelvic mass seen in first trimester pregnancy? | corpus luteum cyst |
| A empty gestational sac is known as: | anembryonic pregnancy |
| The most common abnormality associated with cystic hygroma is: | Turner’s syndrome |
| If a fibroid coexists with a 12-menstrual-week fetus, the sonographer must identify the relationship of the fibroid to the: | placenta |
| A hemorrhage located between the gestational sac and the placenta represents: | subchorionic hemorrhage |
| Ectopic pregnancy most commonly occurs in the: | fallopian tube |
| There is an increased risk of massive hemorrhage in an ectopic pregnancy that is located: | near the uterine cornua |
| Findings in ectopic pregnancy include all except which of the following? | doubling of the serum beta hCG every other day |
| The best sonographic correlation in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is the combination of: | free fluid and adnexal mass |
| A condition associated with anencephaly in which there is complete or partial absence of the cranial bones is called: | acrania |
| Which of the following anomalies is characterized by the presence of a posterior fossa cyst and splaying of the cerebellar hemispheres? | Dandy-Walker malformation |
| Ventriculomegaly is defined as lateral ventricular enlargement measuring greater than: | 10 mm |
| Conditions commonly associated with fetal hydrocephalus include all except which of the following? | choroid plexus cyst |
| Which of the following is the most common open neural tube defect? | anencephaly |
| Protrusion of the brain from the cranial cavity is called: | encephalocele |
| The most common neck mass is: | cystic hygroma |
| The optimal gestational age for measurement of nuchal translucency is: | 11–13 weeks |
| Evaluation of the fetal abdominal wall demonstrated evisceration of the bowel to the right of the umbilical cord. This is most representative of: | gastroschisis |
| The two most common anterior abdominal wall defects are: | gastroschisis and omphalocele |
| The normal embryologic herniation of the bowel permits: | development of the intraabdominal organs |
| Which statement about an omphalocele is correct? | Omphaloceles that contain only bowel have a higher risk for chromosomal abnormalities. |
| A 19-week fetus with elevation of MSAFP shows herniated free-floating bowel loops. This most likely represents: | gastroschisis |
| Clinical signs of a 32-year-old woman with an enlarged uterus on physical examination and a history of cyclic profuse, prolonged bleeding with increasing pain most likely represents: | leiomyoma |
| The most common site for a leiomyoma to occur is: | intramural |
| A benign invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium is known as: | adenomyosis |
| The most common sonographic finding in endometrial carcinoma: | presents with abnormal thickening of the endometrial cavity; usually presents with irregular bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women |
| A small percentage of leiomyomas are located in the: | cervix |
| An acquired condition with obstruction of the cervical canal is most likely a result of: | cervical stenosis |
| Which leiomyoma location is most likely to cause heavy irregular uterine bleeding? | submucosal |
| The most common cause of uterine calcification is: | myomas |
| On ultrasound, the characteristic appearance of a degenerating leiomyoma is: | heterogeneous |
| Which of the following statements about adenomyosis is false? | Ectopic tissue arises from stratum functionalis of the endometrium. |
| Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM): | involves the myometrium |
| Endometrial hyperplasia develops from: | unopposed estrogen stimulation |
| Patients on tamoxifen therapy have an increased risk of: | all of the above |
| Irregular, acyclic bleeding is defined as: | metrorrhea |
| Where might you find a Gartner's duct cyst? | vagina |
| Congenital abnormalities of the uterus result from improper fusion of the: | paramesonephric ducts |
| The dermoid tumor typically is associated with which ultrasound sign? | tip of the iceberg |
| A mucinous cystadenoma is all EXCEPT which of the following? | thick with irregular walls and septations |
| What statement about Meige's syndrome is false? | It is associated with theca lutein cysts. |
| Which of the following is a localized tumor of endometriosis most frequently found in the ovary, cul-de-sac, retrovaginal septum, and peritoneal surface of the posterior wall of the uterus? | endometrioma |
| An ovary is generally considered abnormal if its volume is _____ the size of the contralateral ovary. | twice |
| Ovarian carcinoma is classified into four stages. Stage II is: | limited to the pelvis |
| Which pelvis organ is more involved with metastatic disease? | ovary |
| Which of these masses is considered malignant? | Dysgerminoma |
| In the evaluation of an adnexal mass, which of the following findings increase the likelihood of malignancy | large thick-walled cyst with multiple thick septations and free fluid |
| Which of the following is considered the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States? | endometrial |
| On color Doppler sonography, most malignant ovarian tumors yield flow signals that are best characterized as: | low impedance |
| Doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divided by the highest systolic peak is the: | resistive index |
| The difference between peak systole and peak diastole is the: | S/D ratio |
| The primary criteria for a malignant ovarian mass includes all except: | associated with a diameter less than 3mm |
Created by:
AshleyLemieux