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CNA MIDTERM
CNA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who determines the minimum requirements for NA training | federal and states |
| The care team is responsible for | looking after the total well-being of each resident |
| Who is most likely to spend time with each resident | CNA |
| Most important person in the care team is the | resident |
| Nursing assistants run under the supervision of | licensed nurse |
| The care plan includes | problems, goal, approach and carrying out approach |
| When you feel out of control | Excuse yourself briefly, find a quiet place for deep breathing, talk to co-worker or asking supervisor for help |
| Confidentiality applies to | Medical, personal, social, and financial matters |
| Unacceptable behaviors include | abuse, neglect, false documentation, defamation |
| Your beliefs | should NOT interfere with a patient's belief |
| Resident bill of rights is | a legal document tat protects the residents in healthcare facilities |
| ombudsmen | impartial person who investigates complaints and acts as advocate for residents |
| Beliefs and preferences affect | foods people eat, how they worship, values and ethics, etc |
| How to treat bibles and other items of worship | never put anything on top of it. never put it on the floor, treat with respect |
| Abuse is | mental, physical, sexual, medical, or financial exploitation |
| assult is | unlawful personal attack |
| battery is | direct blow is delivered |
| negligence | failure to give assigned care or giving improper care |
| false documentation | entries in a person's record that are not true or altered |
| Who thought of the hierarchy of needs | Abraham Maslow |
| The 5 steps of hierarchy | survival needs, safety, belonging, self esteem, self actualization |
| Survival needs- | fed daily, toileting, report physical changes, supply water |
| Safety and security- | Alert to hazards, use of call light, maintain confidentiality |
| Belonging- | Be supportive, encourage independence |
| Self Actualization- | promote optimism, support |
| what do you do before you enter a resident's room | knock |
| Some residents have difficulty remembering your name, therefore you | introduce yourself every time |
| Two types of communication are | nonverbal and verbal |
| nonverbal is | facial expressions, body language |
| verbal is | words |
| in order for communication to work | verbal and nonverbal must agree with each other |
| Feedback is | asking the person to repeat what they heard you say |
| Difficult behaivor is a signal for | comfort and attention |
| the root of difficult behavior is | the need for basic psychological needs |
| in difficult situations | it is important to stay calm and reassuring |
| People tend to lash out when | they feel defensive, their self esteem is threatened |
| How to help those who are visually impaired | encourage to wear glasses |
| How to help those who are hearing impaired | go up to them close enough to be heard but dont yell, and eliminate unneccessary noises |
| How to help those who are cognitively impaired | break info into small words, use simple words, relate them to what they know and understand |
| cognitive impaired is | trouble processing information |
| Aphasia is | having trouble understanding words, loss of ability to speak |
| how to help those with aphasia | use gestures, pictures, paper, pencil, be patient, eliminate sounds so they can concentrate |
| Body mechanics is | how you stand, move, and position your body |
| Position your body in | (hips, legs, back) a straight line |
| Never lift more than | 35 pounds |
| Your stance should be | Feet shoulder-width apart, knees bent, pointing towards direction of move, KEEP BACK straight and bend at knees |
| ambulation means to | walk |
| Whenever a patient is walking, encourage them to wear | non-skid shoes |
| When a patient falls, | slowly ease them to the ground |
| Positioning includes which benefits | comfort, better circulation, prevent contractures, loss of muscle tone, deformities, edema, swelling |
| Residents need to be repositioned | every 1-2 hours |
| Pressure sore official name is | decubitus ulcers |
| Ways to prevent pressure sores by using | sheep skin, air mattress, low air loss beds |
| common positions for people | lateral, supine, prone, sims |
| Fowler's position vs Semi-fowler's position | 45-90 degrees, 30 degrees |
| Drawsheets are used to | move patients are fragile but without threat of back/spine injury |
| Siderails may only be placed when | heightening bed, turning a patient, doctor's orders |
| Logrolling are used to | roll patients with spinal chord injuries or cannot change body alignment |
| Pivot transfer are used | on hemiplegic patients |
| hemiplegia | paralysis on one side |
| Active transfer is | transfer with little assistance |
| Assistive transfer is | transfer that patient is able to help |
| Passive transfer | resident is unable to help. |
| Transfer belt is | used for grip on a patient around waist (also called gait when helping walking) |
| trapeze belt is | used for patient to grasp bar and help them up in bed, turn in bed, or strengthen arm muscles |
| hydraulic lift is | used to lift patients who are too heavy |
| transfer board is used on patients who | have spinal injuries or need to keep back straight |
| slide board is | used for patients to move from bed to chair or bed to wheelchair. Can slide across. |
| Infection is spread by | microorganisms |
| Pathogen is | organism that produces disease |
| Resevoir is | where organisms grow and reproduce |
| GERMS ARE MOSTLY FOUND IN | warm and moist areas |
| Portal of exit | how germs get our of resevoir |
| Transmission is | how germs spread from source to person |
| Portal of entry is | how germs get inside a new host |
| Susceptible host | person who lacks resistance to an infection |
| Signs and symptoms of infection | Fever, red skin, hot skin, chills, lack of appetite, pain, swelling. |
| If you are feeling sick | call your supervisor at earliest convenience to prevent spread of infection |
| Single most important measure for infection control is | handwashing |
| Phomites | objects that carry infections |
| Sterilizing | kills ALL bacteria |
| disinfecting | kills MOST bacteria |
| Universal precautions are used to | prevent spread of deadly blood-borne pathogens |
| Infected people often have | no symptoms and may not know they are infected |
| Gloves must be worn at ALL times when dealing with | body fluids, blood |
| Protective equipment include | gowns, gloves, eyewear, masks |
| facemasks are used to | protect from air and bloodborne pathogens and body fluids |
| isolation | isolated to prevent others from getting their disease |
| reverse isolation | isolated to be protected from others |
| transmission-based precautions | contact,droplet, and airborne precautions that vary from disease |
| HBV is | viral infection of liver |
| HBV causes | fatigue, fever, muscle and joint pain, vomitting |
| HBV spreads via | blood, body fluids |
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome cripples immune system |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| Accuracy is important because | any changes may indicate health problems |
| When weighing someone, you must weigh | at same time of day, empty bladder, same clothing and remove footwear |
| 1 lb = ? oz | 16 oz ( 1 lucky boy to get with 16 obsessive girlz) |
| 1 lb = ? kg | .45 kg ( 1 lucky boy = .45 kindergardeners |
| 1 yard = ft | 3 feet ( 1 yard in nyc = 3 flowers) |
| 1 meter = ? feet | 3.28 feet |
| Bathing is given | every morning and evening |
| Benefits of bathing | relaxation, circulation, exercise, prevent pressure sores, gives opportunity to check for problems |
| Perineal care is always done from | front to back |
| Bed baths are given to patients who | are nonabulatory |
| Safety precautions for bathing | 1. try to prevent accidents/slips 2. test temperature first 3. never leave resident alone |
| Which residents need foot care | 1. those with poor circulation 2. diabetic |
| Shaving is done by | holding skin taut, shaving in the same direction hair grows |
| Oral hygeiene is performed | morning, night, after meals |
| You must give oral care to an unconscious person every | 2 hours |
| Dentures must be | taken our for 8 hours a day, handled with care and brushed with soft denture toothbrush |
| hair must be shampooed at least | once a week |
| Pressure on the skin means | circulation is cut off |
| Changing underpads allow the patient | to be dry not moist |
| Shearing is | both pressure and friction |
| you can promote rest by | adjusting light, ventilation, noise, help them carry pre-rest routines, put in comfy position |
| Insomnia | disorder or initiating + maintaining sleep |
| Bedpans are used | by both men and women who cant get out of bed |
| Urinals are used | by men to pee |
| fracture pans are used by | patients who have difficulty moving in bed |
| commodes are | for patients who can get out of bed but cant use bathroom |
| dark or tar feces is an indication of | internal bleeding |
| epiglottis | keeps food out of lungs |
| pancreas | insulin and aids digestion |
| kidneys | filters waste from blood to create urine |
| ureters | connect kidney to bladder |
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