Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
biology
chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| one of the possible forms of a gene-determines a trait- genes can have diff. numbers of them | allele |
| process by which reproductive cells are formed | meiosis |
| graduate student at colombia university- 1902- identified that genes were located on chromosomes | walter sutton |
| what is the chromosome theory of heredity | genes are located on chromosomes-a gene may exist in several forms or alleles- each chromosomes contains just one of the alleles for each of its genes |
| american geneticist and his associate, alfred sturtevant studied the tiny fruitfly. | thomas huntmorgan |
| what are the 3 reasons to study fruitflys | -easy to breed-produce every 4 weeks, 300 offspring- chromosome easy to study, largest chromosome found in animal cells. |
| individuals with new cominations of genes | recombinants |
| an exchange of alleles happens during 1st meiotic division when homologous chromosomes are paired-produces new combinations of alleles on each chromosome and increases genetic variety | crossing over |
| 1905, american biologist-discovered sex chromosomes-noticed cells of female mealword had 20 large chromosomes | Nettie Stevens |
| a change in the genetic material of a cell-may be harmful | mutations |
| mutations that affect the reproductive or germ cells | germ mutations |
| mutations that affect the other cells of the body, not inheritable-many cancers caused by this | somatic mutations |
| what 2 levels do mutations occur on? | 1-involve segments of chromosomes, whole chromosomes and entire sets - 2-involve individual genes |
| what are the 4 types of chromosomal mutation? | deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation |
| loss of part of a chromosome | deletion |
| a segment of chromosome is repeated | duplication |
| part of a chromosome becomes oriented in the reverse of its usual direction | inversion |
| part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another nonhomologous chromosome | translocation |
| the failure of homolougus chromosome to separate normally during meiosis | nondisjunction |
| condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes- almost always fatal in animals | polyploidy |
| a change involving the nuceotides of dna | gene mutation |
| a gene mutation that affects single nucleotide | point mutation |
| a gene mutation involving an addition or deletion that alters every codon from the point of mutation on; an change the polypeptide product produced by the gene | frameshift mutation |
| what 5 things can cause mutations | radiation, viruses,hight temp, certain chemicals, environmental pollunts |
| any substance or condition that disrupts the normal formation of dna. | mutagen |
| an oranism that has a mutation | mutant |
| inheritance in which an active allele does not entirely compensate for an inactive allele | incomplete dominance |
| written as capitak allele with subscripts or superscripts | codominate alleles |
| traits that are control by 2 or more genes (ex. the shape of your nose) | polygenic inheritance |
| nobel prize 1983-jumping genes (genes move) | barbara mcclintock |
Created by:
kabbydubya13