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Stack #64231

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Mass Quntity of matter in a particular body.
Weight Measure of the gravitational force of attraction between the body's mass and the mass of the planet or satelite on which it is weighed.
Volume Cubic space taken up by matter.
Temperature Degree of hotness of matter.
Density Mass of a substance occupying a unit volume, expressed as the mass divided by the volume.
Metric system System of weights and measures in which each unit is a tenth, hundredth, thousandth, and so on, of another unit: it is the standard system in use in every nation except the United States and is used extensively by scientists.
Mass Quantity of matter in a particular body.
Significant digits (figures) Digits in a measurement that are known to be precise, along with a final digit about which there is some uncertainty.
Exact numbers Numbers for measurements that are precisely known and can have as many significant digits as a calculation requires, and so they are not used to determine the number of significant digits for an answer.
Exponent Whole number or symbol written as a superscript above a base and denoting the number of times the base is to be multiplied by itself.
Exponential notation Form of mathematical expression in which a number is expressed as the product of two numbers, one a decimal and the other a power of 10.
Scientific notation Form of exponential notation in which the decimal part must have exactly one nonzero digit to the left of the decimal point; it is widely used by scientists.
Demensional analysis (factor unit method) Method of converting among measures expressed in different units by developing a relationship between these units and expressing this relationship as a factor of both units.
Specific gravity Density of a substance divided by the density of some substance taken as a standard.
Physical state Any of three forms in which matter may exist, as a gas, as a liquid, or as a solid; the state depends on the surrounding temperature and atmospheric pressure, as well as on the secific charateristics of the particular type of matter.
Heterogeneous matter Matter that is not uniform in composition and/or properties throughout the sample, but rather consists of two or more distinct substances unequally distributed.
Mixture Heterogeneous matter composed of two or more pure substances, each of which retains its identity and specific properties.
Hemogeneous mixture Homogeneous throughout and composed of two or more pure substances whose proportions can be varied in some cases without limit.
Solution Homogeneous mixture involving two or more pure substances; its composition usually can be varied within certain limits.
Pure substance Substance characterized by definite and constant composition and having definite and constant properties under a given set of conditions.
Compound Any pure substance that can be broken down by chemical means into two or more different, simpler substances.
Element Any pure substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means into two or more different, simpler substances.
Atom Smallest piece of an element that can exist and still exhibit the propreties of that element including the ability to react with other atoms.
Molecule Smallest particle of a pure substance that can exist and undergo chemical changes.
Law of difinite proportions (constant composition Principle that a given pure compound always contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass.
Physical properties Properties of a substance that can be observed without the composition of the substance changing.
Chemmical properties Properties of a substance that can be observed only when a substance undergoes a change in composition.
Physical changes All changes in a substance other than changes in its chemical compostition.
Chemical changes Changes that result in changes in the composition of the substance. New substancees are formed.
Energy Capicity to do work or transfer heat.
Potential energy Energy possessed by a substance by virtue of its position in space or its chemical composition.
Kinetic energy Energy possessed by a substance by virtue of its motion.
Heat energy Energy transferred from one substance to another when there is a temperature difference between the substances: it is associated with the random motion of molecules.
Calorie (cal) Standard unit for the measurement of heat energy; 1 cal is equal to the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of wather from 14.5 to 15.5 C.
Joule (J) Standard unit for the mearsurement of heat energy in the Systeme International (SI); 4.184J = 1 cal.
Specific heat Joules of heat required to raise the temperature of 1.00 kg of a substance by 1.00 K or calories to raise the temperature of 1.00 g of a substance by 1.00 C.
Created by: latina65
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