click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
EOC GRAMMAR
7th Grade Grammar
Question | Answer |
---|---|
To make a Spanish noun that ends in a vowel plural, you should... example: libro | and an s. libros |
To make a Spanish noun that ends in a consonant plural, like profesor, you should... | add -es. profesores |
Spanish nouns that in in -z, like lápiz and vez, become plural by... | changing the z to c, then adding -es. lápices / veces |
Definite articles el, la, los, and las all mean this in English. | the |
Definite articles that indicate that a noun is maculine are... | el and los |
Definite articles that indicate that a noun is feminine are... | la and las |
There are two contractions with the word el, these contractions are... | al -->to the;at the del-->from the, of the |
Indefinite articles are words that translate to a(n)or some. There are four of them in Spanish. They are... | un/una--->both can mean a or an unos/unas--->both mean some |
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns in order to... | avoid repetition. |
Words that replace nouns and can be used as subjects of a sentences are called... | subject pronouns. |
yo | I |
tú | you informal (to a friend= |
él | He´ |
ella | she |
usted | you (formal) used with adults |
nosotros and nosotras | we (mixed group or males)/ we (all girls) |
vosotros and vosotras | y´all (only used in Spain and is used to address a group of friends) |
ellos | they ( mixed group or group of boys only) used when talking ABOUT a group, not TO a group |
ellas | they (all females) used when talking ABOUT a group of girls, not directly to them. |
ustedes | You all (used in formal situations in Spain and used for both formal and informal situations in Latin America.) Used when talking directly TO a group of people, not ABOUT them. |
Me | to or for me; me |
Te | to for for you; you |
le | to or for him, her, it, you |
nos | to or for us;us |
vos | to or for you all (informal) Spain only; you all |
les | to or for them or you all (ustedes) |
lo | direct object pronoun= him,it |
la | direct object pronoun= her it |
los | direct object pronoun=them or you all |
las | direct object pronoun = them or you all |
Adjectives must agree in...and ... with the noun they describe. | gender...number |
to make adjectives that end in a vowel plural... | add -s. |
to make adjectives that end in consonants plural.. | add -es. |
este means... | this *masculine |
esta means... | this *feminine |
Este es mi libro. | This is my book. |
Esta es mi regla. | This is my ruler. |
primero/a | first |
algo | something |
nada | nothing |
alguien | someone |
nadie | nobody |
o | or |
en | in/on |
¿A dónde? | to where? |
¿De dónde? | from where? |
¿Cómo? | How? - What? |
¿Cuál?-¿Cuáles? | Which? what? |
¿Cuándo? | When? |
¿Cuánto? ¿Cuánta? | How much? |
¿Cuántos? ¿Cuántas? | How many? |
¿Dónde? | Where? |
¿Por qué? | Why? |
¿Qué? | What? |
¿Quién(es)? | Who(m)? |
todos los días | every day |
a veces | sometimes |
casi | almost |
casi nunca | almost never |
casi siempre | almost always |
al lado de | next to |
antes de | before |
arriba | over,above |
con | with |
de | from or of |
debajo de | under |
delante de | in front of |
desde | from |
detrás de | behind |
en | in or on |
encima de | over or on top of |
hacia | towards |
hasta | until |
para | for or in order to |
por | for, by |
sin | without |
present verb endings for ar verbs | o, as, a, amos, an |
present verb endings for er verbs | o, es, e, emos, en |
present verb endings for ir verbs | o, es, e, imos, en |
hacer | to make or do |
yo form of hacer | hago |
poner | to put, place, or set |
yo form of poner | pongo |
saber | to know information, to know about... |
yo form of saber | sé |
salir | to leave, go out |
yo form of salir | salgo |
traer | to bring |
yo form of traer | I bring |
tener | to have |
yo form of tener | tengo |
venir | to come |
yo form of venir | vengo |
ver | to see |
yo form of ver | veo |
conocer | to know or meet |
yo form of conocer | conozco |
ser | to be |
forms of ser (is,am,are) | soy, eres, es, somos, son |
estar | to be |
forms of estar (is,am,are) | estoy, estás, está, estamos, están |
ir | to go |
forms of to go (go,goes) | voy, vas, va, vamos, van |
stem-changing verbs are... | verbs that require a spelling change in the stem when they are being conjugated to any form other than nosotros or vosotros. |
preferir | to prefer |
poder | to be able to |
jugar | to play a game or sport |
pedir | to request; ask for |
empezar | to begin or start |
pensar | to think |
querer | to want |
nevar | to snow |
venir | to come |
merendar | to have a snack |
calentar | to heat up |
almorzar | to have lunch |
llover | to rain |
encontrar | to find |
volver | to return; come back |
devolver | to return something |
dormir | to sleep |
probar | to try *taste |
acostarse | to go to bed |
costar | to cost |
vestirse | to get dressed |
servir | to serve |
gustar | to please |
I like | me gusta(n)... |
You like | te gusta(n)... |
He/She likes... | le gusta(n)... |
We like... | nos gusta(n)... |
You all like... | les gusta(n)... |
They like... | les gusta(n) |
Reflexive verbs are... | used when the person doing the action also receives the action. |
lavarse | to wash oneself |
ponerse | to put on |
vestirse | to get dressed |
acostarse | to go to bed |
afeitarse | to shave |
bañarse | to take a bath |
levantarse | to get up |
maquillarse | to put on makeup |
peinarse | to comb ones hair |
secarse | to dry off |
sentirse | to feel |
commands. hablar | habla, no hables |
commands. escribir | escribe, no escribas |
commands. pides | pide, no pidas |
commands. hacer | haz, no hagas |
commands. poner | pon, no pongas |
commands. salir | sal, no salgas |
commands. ir | ve, no vayas |
commands. ser | sé, no seas |
commands. decir | di, no digas |
tener...años | to be..years old |
tener frío | to be cold |
tener calor | to be hot |
tener miedo | to be afraid |
tener sueño | to be sleepy |
tener ganas de... | to feel like...ing |
tener hambre | to be hungry |
tener sed | to be thirsty |
tener prisa | to be in a hurry |
tener que (infinitive) | to have to do something |
tener razón | to be right |
tener suerte | to be lucky |
Hace frío | It´s cold. |
Hace calor. | It´s hot. |
Hace viento. | It´s windy. |
Hace mal tiempo. | The weather is bad. |
Hace buen tiempo. | The weather is nice. |
Hace fresco. | It´s cool. |
Hace sol. | It´s sunny. |
Está lloviendo. | It´s raining. |
Está nevando. | It´s snowing. |
Está nublado. | It´s cloudy. |