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ELA Final Exam
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Noun | A person, place, or thing. |
| Pronoun | A helping noun. |
| Adjective | An member of a class of words. |
| Verb | When a word is put into action. |
| Adverb | A helping verb. |
| Conjunction | A word that connects words, phrases or sentences. |
| Interjection | A word spoken suddenly and used to express surprises, pain, and delight. |
| Preposition | A word that shows the relationship of a noun. |
| Setting | When and where the story takes place. |
| Characters | People or animals who take part in the action of a literary work. |
| Characterization | The way in which an author presents a character. |
| Direct Characterization | Author directly describes character. |
| Indirect Characterization | Author reveals information indirectly about a character and his personality through that character's thoughts, words, and actions, along with how other characters respond to that character, including what they think and say about him. |
| Plot | The main sequence of events in a story. |
| Exposition | Basic situation; setting, main characters, and conflict are introduced. |
| Rising Action | Complications make the conflict more intense. |
| Climax | The turning point of the story. |
| Falling Action | Events, actions, and dialogue between climax and resolution. |
| Conclusion | When the problem is solved. |
| Theme | An underlying message about life or human nature. |
| Conflict | Struggle or major problem characters face in a literary work. |
| Internal Conflict | A problem or struggle within a character. |
| Character vs. Self | A character experiences some type of inner conflict. |
| External Conflict | A problem or struggle between a character and someone or something outside of the character. |
| Character vs. Character | A character struggles against another character. |
| Character vs. Machine | A character faces problem caused by a machine. |
| Character vs. Nature | A character faces problem caused by nature. |
| Character vs. Supernatural | A character struggles against unknown forces. |
| Character vs. Society/World | A character faces a problem with a larger group (a community, society or culture). |
| Character vs. Unknown | A character faces a problem with an unknown person or thing. |
| Point Of View | The perspective or vantage point from which a literary work is told. |
| First Person | A story told by a character using the pronoun I or sometimes we. |
| Third Person | An omniscient point of view. |
| Limited Omniscient | A story told by a third-person narrator whose omniscience is limited, or restricted, to a single character. |
| Omniscient | A third-person narrator functioning as an all-seeing, all-hearing, All-knowing speaker who reads the thoughts and feelings of any and all characters. |
| Realistic Fiction | A story that is mostly real. |
| Science Fiction | A story based on science. |
| Historical Fiction | A story based on things from the past. |
| Adventure | To explore any place around the globe or to explore around the globe. |
| Folk Tales | A humerus story about impossible or exaggerated events. |
| Fairy Tales | Fake stories that are impossible to come true. |
| Myths | A traditional story of anonymous origin that deals with gods, heroes, or supernatural events. Myths explain a belief, custom, or force of nature. |
| Legends | A traditional, historical tale that is handed down from one generation to the next, first orally and later in written form. |
| Novels/Chapter Books | Long stories but shorter than a novella. |
| Short Story | A story that is very short and only has a couple of pages. |
| Novella | A very long story that is longer than a chapter book. |
| Autobiography | A story of a persons life written by that person. |
| Biography | A story of a persons life written by someone else. |
| Essay | A five paragraph story. |
| Speeches | When someone or something is giving a community information. |
| Memoirs | An account of the authors personal explanation. |
| Character Sketches | When the illustrator of a book sketches of the character. |
| Poetry | A phrase that rhymes or doesn't in poetry format. |
| Drama | An extreme exaggerator who always is loud and rude. |
| Rhyme | The repeating of words, phrases, and lines. |
| Rhyme Scheme | Lines that repeat in a pattern. (ABAB) |
| Repetition | The repeating of words, phrases, and lines. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the initial sounds or stressed syllables in neighboring words (for example, she sells seashells). |
| Hyperbole | Overstatement; the figure of speech that is a conscious exaggeration for the purpose of making a point (for example, the statement the backpack weighs a ton.) |
| Personification | The figurative device in which animals, objects, or abstractions are represented as being human or as having human attributes. |
| Metaphor | A device of figurative language that compares two unlike objects. |
| Simile | A device of figurative language that is a stated comparison between two unlike things using the words “like” or “as.” |
| Tone | The writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward a subject, character, or audience conveyed through the choice of words and details. |
| Mood | How the reader feels when he/she reads a story. |
| Onomatopoeia | The formation and use of words to imitate sounds (for example, rattle, murmur, crash, bog, buzz, boink, and grr). |
| Idiom | Words used in a special way that may be different from their literal meaning (for example, it’s raining cats and dogs does not mean that cats and dogs are falling from the sky, but that it is raining heavily.) |
| Flashback | What the character see's from the past. |
| Foreshadow | What the character see's in the future. |
| Imagery | What the character is thinking about. |
| Irony | A contrast between what is able to actually happen. |
| Persuasive Techniques | A form of writing whose purpose is to convince or to prove or refute a point of view or issue. |
| Propaganda Techniques | An extreme form of persuasion intended to prejudice and incite the reader or listener to action either for or against a particular cause or position, usually by means of a one-sided argument or an appeal to the emotions. |
| Bias | A personal and largely unreasoned argument ether against a noun. |
| Opinion | What a person thinks what's true. |
| Bandwagon | To follow the crowd. |
| Testimonial | They use quotation or endorsement. |
| Repetition | The recurrence of sounds, words, phrases, lines, or stanzas used for emphasis. |
| Statistics | One who remains the same throughout the story. |
| Overstatement | Exaggeration making it seem more important than it really is. |
| Emotional Appeal | Attempting to arouse fear, love, hate, greed, or human. |
| Loaded Language | Words or phrases associated with them. |
Created by:
Joshua Brown
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