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A&P Chapter 15: Resp
Respiratory System;
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Within the skull are the two nasal cavities, which are separated by the: | Nasal Septum |
| State the three functions of the nasal mucosa: | Filter, Warm, Humidify |
| Name all four of the bones that contain paranasal sinuses: | Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Frontal, Maxillae |
| State both functions of the paranasal sinuses: | Resonance for voice, lighten the skull |
| The cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing: | Epiglottis |
| Vibrate to produce speech sounds: | Vocal Cords |
| The air passage between the vocal cords: | Glottis |
| The cranial nerves that are the motor nerves to the larynx are the __________ and _________ nerves: | Vagus, Accessory |
| The vocal cords are vibrated by ___________ (inhaled/exhaled) air: | Exhaled |
| The tissue that forms C-shaped rings in the wall of the trachea is: | Cartilage |
| The right and left primary bronchi are branches of the: | Bronchus |
| The primary bronchi branch off into the: | Secondary Bronchi |
| The ____________ lubricates between the pleural membranes as the lungs expand and recoil | Serous Fluid |
| The lungs are protected from mechanical injury by the: | Ribs |
| Inferior to the lungs is the _____________, one of the respiratory muscles: | Diaphragm |
| The alveoli are made of what type of tissue? | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| The tissue in the spaces between the alveoli that is important for normal exhalation is: | Pulmonary Surfactant |
| Surfactant is produced by this type of cell: | Alveolar Type II |
| The respiratory centers are located in the __________ and __________ parts of the brain: | Medulla, Pons |
| Name the two types of intercostal muscles: | Internal, External |
| Exhalation is a __________ process, and does not require the __________ of the respiratory muscles: | Passive, Contraction |
| The __________ muscles pull the ribs down: | Intercostal |
| The __________ muscles push the diaphragm up: | Abdominal |
| Inhaled and exhaled in 1 minute: | Minute Respiratory Volume |
| Beyond tidal, in the most forceful exhalation: | Expiratory Reserve |
| Involved in the deepest inhalation followed by the most forceful exhalation: | Vital Capacity |
| Remains in the lungs after the most forceful exhalation: | Residual Air |
| Beyond tidal, in the deepest inhalation: | Inspiratory Reserve |
| In one normal inhalation and exhalation: | Tidal Volume |
| In a disease such as pneumonia, the fluid-filled alveoli are called: | Physiologic Dead Space |
| The expansibility of the lungs and thoracic wall: | Compliance |
| The exchange of gasses between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary cappilaries: | External Respiration |
| The exchange of gasses between the blood in the capillaries and the tissue fluid (cells): | Internal Respiration |
| Inhaled air is approximately _____% O2 and ____% CO2: | 21, 0.04 |
| Exhaled air is approximately _____% O2 and ____% CO2: | 16, 4.5 |
| The value that is used to express the concentration of O2 and CO2 in the air or in body fluids is called: | Partial Pressure |
| Partial pressure is abbreviated: | P |
| Oxygen is carried in the blood by: | RBCs |
| Oxygen bonds to what mineral on hemoglobin? | Iron |
| Most CO2 is carried in the blood in the form of ___________ ions: | Bicarbonate |
| The normal rate of respirations ranges from ________ to ________ breaths per minute: | 12, 20 |
| What part of the brain contains centers for the reflexes of coughing and sneezing? | Medulla |
| A decrease in the blood level of oxygen (hypoxia) is detected by the chemoreceptors in the __________ and __________ bodies: | Carotid, Aortic |
| ___________ occurs when the rate or respiration increases, and CO2 is very rapidly exhaled. | Respiratory Alkalosis |
| __________ occurs when the rate of respiration decreases, permitting CO2 to accumulate, or build up, in the body fluids: | Respiratory Acidosis |
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HollisaurusMastodon