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Art as Exspereince
Art
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ambulatory | The passage of aisle that leads around the apse of a Christian church. |
| Apse, Apsidal | A large semicircular or ploygonal niche protruding from the end wall of an axial building |
| Arcade | A series of arches, carried by columns or piers and supporting a common wall |
| Arch | Curved strcutural element that spans on an open space built from wedge shaped stone blocks called voussoirs |
| Basilica | A large rectangular building with an open interior space. Often built with a clerestory |
| Bearing Wall | In architecture, construction in which the wall supports itself, the roof and floors |
| Buttress, buttressing | a type of architectural support. Usually consist of a masonary pillar with a wide base built against an exterior wall to brace the wall and strengthen vaults. |
| Cantilever | In architecture a structural system in which an overhanging beam is supported only at one end |
| Capital | The sculpted block which tops a classical column. According to the conventions of the orders, capitals include different decorative elements |
| Choir | The section of a church, usually between the crossing and the apse where the clerge presides and singers perform |
| Clerestory | the topmost zone of a wall with windows. Provides direct light into the central interior space |
| Column | An architectural element used for support and or decoration, consist of a rounded vertical pilliar |
| Colonnade | A sequence of row of columns, supporting a straight lintel or a series of arcades |
| Compound Pier | Typically found in a Romanesque or Gothic Church, a compound pier is a pier or large column with multiple shafts |
| Crossing | The part of a cross shaped church where the nave and the transept meet. |
| Cruciform | A term describing anything that is cross shaped |
| Dome | A round vault usually over a circular space. |
| Ionic | In architecture one of the three orders of Greek Archietecture, Characterized by two opposed volutes (a spiral scroll) i the capital. Doric and Corintian are the two orders, |
| Latin-cross Plan | A cross shaped building plan, incorporating one longer stem (Nave) The long central pathways |
| Mosaic | A method of creating designs with small colored stone or glass pieces which are affixed to a cement surface |
| Narthex | The rectanguralar vestibule at the main (usually western)entrance of a church. |
| Nave | The long central space of a christian church. usually rectangular in shape |
| Post and lintel construction- | an architectural system of construction with two or more vertical elements (post supproting a horizontal element |
| Vault- | An arched masonry structure or r or roof that spans an interior space. In different shapes, called by differnt names. |
| Barrel Vault | A continuous semicircular vault |
| Groin Vault or Cross Vault | A vault created by the intersection of two barrels vaults of equal size |
| Rib Vault | A rib vault if found when joining of curved sides of a groin vault is demarcated by a raised ridge. |
| Post-and-lintel structure: | consists of horizontal beams (lintels) laid across the open spaces between vertical supports (posts) |
| Tensile strength | – ability of a material to withstand bending |
| Compressive strength – | the ability to withstand compression or crushing |
| Classical: | style in art and architecture dating to the mid-fifth century B.C.E. in Athens, Greece, or ancient Rome, or any art that emphasizes simplicity, harmony, restraint, proportion, and reason. |
| Tunnel vault: | arches placed back to back to enclose space |
| Arcade: | Arches placed side by side |
| Groin Vault: | when two tunnel vaults intersect at right angles, as they do in the floor plan of the traditional Christian cathedral, they form a groin vault |
| Rib Vaulting: | protruding masonry indicating diagonal juncture of arches in a tunnel vault or the juncture of a groin vault |
| Buttress: | transfer of stress from center of an arch outward to its legs dictates the need for a strong support to keep the legs from caving outward |
| Pendatives: | used to transfer weight and stress in a dome |
| Cantilever: | comprises an overhanging beam or floor supported only at one end |
| Bearing-wall system: | wall supports itself, the floors, and the roof (log cabin, masonry buildings) |
| Monolithic Construction: | wall material is continuous, not jointed or pieced together |
| Masonry construction: | stone combined with mortar in arch construction |
| Precast Concrete: | concrete cast in place using wooden forms around a steel framework |
| Scale: | refers to a building’s size and the relationship of the building and it decorative elements to the human form |
| Proportion: | relationship of individual elements to each other |
| Context: | environment |
| Space: | the design and flow of contiguous spaces relative to function |
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Sutherland.lwm