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Chemistry
Acids & Bases Chapter 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do acids and bases react with metals? | Acids react vigorously, whereas bases do not react. |
| Which are more conductive, Acids or Bases? | Acids and Bases react equally well becuase of their electrolytes. |
| What is a Litmus test? | A test used to determine acidity. It turns acids one color, and bases another. |
| What is an Electrolyte? | A solute that produces ions. An electrolytic solution conducts electricity well. |
| How do you neutralize an acid? | Mix it with a base. The products are a salt and H2O. |
| What is the Arrhenius definition for an acid? | A substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions. |
| What is the Arrhenius definition for a base? | A substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions. |
| What are the pros and cons of the Arrhenius definition? | Pros: explains conductivity and reactions with metals. Cons: restricts acid/base to water solutions. Cant explain bonding. Some compounds dont fit the definition of a base. |
| What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition for an acid? | any substance that can DONATE H+ ions |
| What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition for a base? | any substance that can ACCEPT H+ ions |
| What does monoprotic mean? | The acid can donate 1 proton (H+) |
| What does diprotic mean? | The acid can donate 2 protons (H+) |
| What does Amphiprotic mean? | The substance can either lose OR gain a proton. |
| What does Amphoteric mean? | The substance can act as either an acid or base. |
| What is a conjugate base? | An acid that has lost an H+ ion. |
| What is "Ka"? | Acid Dissociation Constant |
| What is "Kb"? | Base Dissociation Constant |
| What happens when a strong acid and strong base mix? | A neutral Salt forms |
| What happens when a weak acid and weak base mix? | Impossible to Predict |
| What is Acidic Hydrogen? | Hydrogen that can be donated. It is the slightly positive end of a covalent bond. |
| Where are Binary Acids located on the Periodic Table? | Groups 6A and 7A |
| What are "oxy" acids? | Acids that contain Hydrogen, Oxygen and another element |
| What are Carboxylic Acids? | Organic, carbon, acids that contain a carboxyl group |
| Can anions function as Bases? | Yes |
| What are 2 properties of Amines? | They are based off of Ammonia and they all contain Nitrogen with an unshared pair. |
| What steps are taken to rename an acid/base with an -ide ending? | Add "hydro-" and then "-ic" (HYDROchlorIC Acid) |
| What steps are taken to rename an acid/base with an -ate ending? | Add "-ic" (NitrIC Acid) |
| What steps are taken to rename an acid/base with an -ite ending? | Add "-ous" (SulfrOUS Acid) |
| True or False: A strong acid readily transfers H+ ions. | True |
| True or False: Strong acids are weak electrolytes. | False (they are strong electrolytes) |
| True or False: Strong bases are substances that have the strongest affinity for H+ ions. | True |
| True or False: The stronger the acid, the stronger its conjugate base. | False (the weaker its conjugate base) |
| What is a salt hydrolysis reaction? | A reaction where a substance reacts with water and yields a salt and ions. |
Created by:
gingersam