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Sensation and precep

QuestionAnswer
Sensation the process by which we detect energy from the environment and encode it as neural signal
Threshold things for which we have senses, like light and sounds, we only detect a limited amount
Absolute threshold (no such thing) refers to the minimum stimulation necessary to detect a particular stimulus %50 of the time
Difference threshold the minimum difference a person can detect between any two stimuli 50% of the time
Weber's Law the difference threshold a constant proportion of the original stimulus. The proportion varies, however, from one type of stimulus to the next
preception the process by which we select, organize, and interpret our sensations
Selective attention involves ignoring some stimuli and focusing on other stimuli
Divided attention involves paying attention to multiple stimuli simultaneously
Retinal disparity slightly different visual images are formed by ones right eye and ones left eye. The closer an object is, the greater the retinal disparity
Convergence involves the inward turn of the eyes as they focus on an object. The closer an object is, the greater it looks.
Relative size when two objects are believed to be roughly the same size, the one that appears larger is perceived to be closer
Interposition when an object blocks our view of another object it is perceived as being closer then the partially obscured object
Relative Clarity the clearer an object is, the closer it is assumed to be
Texture gradient the more textured an object appears, the closer the object is perceived to be
shadowing we perceive objects that are light on top and dark on bottom as protruding toward us. But we perceive objects that are dark on top and light on the bottom as receding away from us
Bottom-Up Processing the sensory info taken in by our sensory receptors, is all that is necessary to contrast our perceptions. Existing beliefs and inferences are not needed
Top-Down Processing we use prior learning and expectations to make unconscience inferences that unable us to form perceptions
psychophysics the study of the relationship between physical energy and ones psychological experience
sensory adaptation our diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus
Perceptual set make us more likely to perceive certain stimuli or to interpret ambiguous stimuli in certain meaningful ways
Carpentered-World Hypothesis individuals from non-carpentered cultures are less susceptible to the Muller-Lyer illusion
Created by: dananna2010
 

 



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