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Chem102-Exam 4
4th-exam
Vocabulary | Definition |
---|---|
Electrochemistry | The study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions |
Electrolytic Cells | Are nonspontaneous chemical reactions; consumes electrical energy from an external source to cause a nonspontaneous redox reactions to occur |
Voltaic Cells | Also called galvanic cells are spontaneous chemical reactions; energy released during a spontaneous reaction generates electricity |
Cathode | Is negative in electrolytic cells and positive in voltaic cells; occurs in reduction reaction |
Anode | Is positive in electrolytic cells and negative in voltaic cells;occurs in oxidation reaction |
Metallic Conduction | Both types of cells contain two electrodes connected to an external circuit that provides an electrical connection between systems |
Ionic Conduction | When circuit is closed, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode; electrodes are connected by an electrolyte, which is an ionic substance or solution that allows ions to transfer between the electrodes, maintaining the system’s electrical neutrality |
Standard Electrode Potential | The potential of a half-reaction measured against the standard hydrogen electrode under standard conditions |
Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) | consists of a strip of platinum wire in contact with an aqueous solution containing 1 M H+, which is in equilibrium with H2 gas at a pressure of 1 atm at the Pt-solution interface |
Coulomb | Is the amount of charge that passes a given point when a current of one ampere flows from one second |
Battery | A galvanic cell that contains all the reactants needed to produce electricity |
Fuel Cell | A galvanic cell that requires a constant external supply of one or more reactants in order to generate electricity |