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Radioactivity
Mrs. Brandt's 8th Grade Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the release of particles and energy from nuclear decay? | radioactivity |
| Why is carbon 14 radioactive? | its ratio of protons to neutrons is not stable |
| On what does the stability of an isotope’s nucleus depend? | the ratio of protons to neutrons |
| What radiation can be stopped with a sheet of paper? | alpha particles |
| What is the time it takes for the ½ of the nucleus in a radioactive sample to decay? | half-life |
| What is the process of changing one element into another through nuclear decay? | transmutations |
| What do scientists use Carbon-14 for? | to calculate the age of once living things EX: bones |
| What type of radiation penetrates thick metals and concrete? | gamma rays |
| Name the three types of radiation. | alpha, beta, gamma |
| Which type of particle occurs when high speed electrons are emitted from a nucleus? | beta particles |
| What type of radiation can be stopped with a thin sheet of metal? | beta radiation |
| What radiation is made of two protons and two neutrons? | alpha radiation |
| What happens when the strong force is not big enough to hold the nucleus together? | the nucleus decays or breaks down giving off radiation |
| What device detects radiation by producing a current and ‘clicking’? | Geiger counter |
| What did Marie Curie discover? | radioactive Radium and Polonium |
| Who discovered radioactivity and how? | Bequerel with uranium and a photographic plate |
| What radiation is electromagnetic waves with high-frequency energy? | gamma radiation |
| What causes protons and neutrons to be attracted to each other in the nucleus? | strong force |
| Why is carbon-14 radioactive? | its ratio of protons to neutrons is 6/8= .75. In order to be stable it needs to be 1. |
| How does carbon dating work? | the ratio of C-12 to C-14 twlls how many half-lifes has passed |
| What is the process of splitting a nucleus into two smaller nuclei releasing a huge amounts of energy? | nuclear fission |
| What is the process of combining together 2 nuclei with low masses to make one larger one? This also releases huge amounts of energy. | nuclear fusion |
| What type of reaction is used in a nuclear power plant? | Nuclear fission reaction |
| How is nuclear fission controlled in a power plant? | control rods that absorb some of the neutrons which split atoms |
| What type of reaction takes place in the sun and stars? | Nuclear Fusion reaction |
| What is the range of atomic numbers of elements whose isotopes are all radioactive? | all elements past #83 |
| Name cons to nuclear power. | radioactive waste is produced and there is no way to store it, if something goes wrong, radioactivity is released into the environment |
| Name pros of nuclear power. | lots of energy from little fuel, no pollutants into air, no carbon dioxide released into air |
| How is radioactivity useful in medicine? | radioactive tracers used to detect problems, radiation can kill cancer cells |
| Know how to solve half-life problems and problems with radioactive or not elements!!! | Know how to solve half-life problems and problems with radioactive or not elements!!! |
Created by:
mtoutant
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