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positioningfacial
radiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| with reference to the patient, where should the CR be directed for the lateral projection of the facial bones | zygoma |
| with reference to the IR, how should the CR be directed for the parietoacanthial pojection Waters method | perpendicular |
| where should the pertrous ridges be seen in the image of the parietoacanthial projection of the facial bones | below the maxillary sinuses |
| which positioning line an angle indicate correct positioning of the head for the parietoacantial projection, Waters method | OML, 37 degrees to the IR |
| which evaluation criterion pertains to the parietoacanthial projection, Waters method | petrous ridges should be directed below the maxillary sinuses |
| which evaluation criterion pertains to the parietoacanthial projection, waters method | the distance between the lateral border of the skull and orbits should be the same on both sides |
| which evaluation criterion pertains to the lateral projection of the facial bones | the orbital roofs should be superimposed |
| which evaluation criterion pertains to the SMV projection for bilateral zygomatic arches | the zygomatic arches should be free from overlying structures |
| an AP axial projection (modified towne method of bilateral zygomatic arches , how many degrees and in what direction should the CR per directed when the OML is perpendicular to the IR | 30 degrees caudal |
| an AP axial projection (modified towne method of bilateral zygomatic arches is similar to the towne method for the skull except what must be done | the CR should be directed to the glabella |
| with reference to the IR, how should the MSP be adjusted for the tangential projection demonstrating an individual zygomatic arch | 15 degrees from perpendicular |
| to demonstrate the mandibular body with the axiolateral oblique projection, how should the patient's head be postioned | from the true lateral, rotate the head 30 degrees toward the IR |
| how many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible | 25 degrees cephalic |
| which projection is performed with the patient's head postioned true lateral and the CR directed 25 degrees cephalic | axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible |
| which evaluation criterion pertains to the axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible | the opposite side of the mandible should not overlap the ramus |
| which structure is of primary interest when the patients head is rotated 15 degrees toward the IR from a true lateral postition and the CR is directed 15 degrees caudal, entering 1 1/2" superior to the EAM | TMJ |
| which of the following structures can be well demonstrated with an axiolateral oblique projection | TMJ's |
| how many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the axiolateral oblique projection for the TMJ's | 15 degrees caudal |
| for the AP axial projection of the TMJ's, where should the central ray be directed | 3" above the nasion |
| with reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJs | 1/2" anterior to the EAM |
| which structures should always be radiographed with the patient in an upright position | paranasal sinuses |
| which projection is the only projection thst demonstrates all four sinus groups | lateral |
| with reference to the outer canthus, where should the CR be directed for the lateral projection of the sinuses | posterior |
| which sinus group is of primary interest in the lateral projection of the sinuses | sphenoid |
| which sinus groups are best demonstrated with the PA axial projection, Caldwell method | frontal and anterior ethmoidal |
| for the PA axial projection, Caldwell method, of the sinuses, which positioning line should be perpendicular to the IR | OML |
| where should the petrous ridges be seen in the image of the PA axial projection, Caldwell method, of the sinuses | lower 1/3 of the orbits |
| which positioning line should form an angle of 37 degrees with the IR for the parietoacanthial projection, waters method | OML |
| with reference to the IR, how should the CR be directed for the parietoacanthial pojection, waters method | perpendicular |
| which sinus group is best demonstrated with the parietoacanthial projection, waters method | maxillary |
| where should the petrous ridges be seen in the images of the parietoacanthial projection, waters method, of the sinuses | below the maxillary sinuses |
| where should the CR exit the head for the patietoacanthisl projection, waters method | acanthion |
| which sinus group is not well demonstrated in the image produced by the parietoacanthial projection, waters method | sphenoid |
| which 2 sinus groups are better demonstrated with the SMV projection than are the other sinuses | ethmoid and sphenoid |
| which projection of the sinuses shows a symetric image of the anterior portion of the base of the skull | SMV |
| in which projection of the sinuses is the IR centered to the nasion | PA axial, caldwell method |
| in which projection of the sinuses is the mentomeatal line aprroximately perpendicular to the plane of the IR | parietoacanthial, waters method |
| in which projection of the sinuses must the OML for an angle of 15 degrees with the plane of the IR | PA axial, Caldwell method |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the lateral projection of the sinuses | all four sinus groups should be included |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the PA axial projection, caldwell method, of the sinuses | frontal and ethmoidal sinuses should be seen |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the PA axial projection, caldwell method,for sinuses | petrous ridges should ne in the lower 1/3 of the orbits |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the parietoacanthial projection, waters method, for sinuses | petrous ridges should be below the maxiallary sinuses |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the SMV projection for sinuses | menthal protuberence should superimpose anterior frontal sinuses |
| which evaluation criteria pertains to the SMV projection of the sinuses | mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges |