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physics module 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dose | The amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue at a given site: expressed in roentgens. |
| Fundamental quantities | A unit that measures a quality by itself, without using any other fundamental unit, such as length, mass, time, and temperature; also called base unit or base quantity. |
| Mass | Abbreviated as the letter m and measured in kilograms (kg); a measure of a body's inertia; dependent on the amount of matter in an object. Mass is similar to weight, but weight changes with the amount of gravity, while mass stays the same. |
| Derived quantities | A unit of measurement that combines two or more fundamental units; examples are units that measure density or velocity. |
| Velocity | The speed at which an object is moving. It is measured by determining the distance an object travels in a specific period of time. Waves in the electromagnetic spectrum all travel at the same velocity. In the SI system velocity is measured in m/s. |
| Acceleration | A rate of change in velocity, measured in meters per second squared (m/sec2). |
| Force | Is a push, pull, or an action that changes the motion of an object. Force (F) equals mass times acceleration. |
| Momentum | Abbreviated as the letter p; the product of mass (m) times velocity (v). |
| Special radiologic quantities | These quantities allow us to define and give measure to concepts such as dose, dose equivalent, exposure and radioactivity. |
| Dose equivalent | In radiation biology, the product of absorbed dose in rads and the modifying factors, namely the quality factor (QF), distribution factor (DF), and any other necessary factors. The unit of dose equivalent is the rem |
| Exposure | n radiology, a measure of the x-ray or gamma radiation at a certain place based on its ability to cause ionization. The unit of exposure is the roentgen. Symbol X. Called also exposure dose.. The special unit of exposure is the roentgen (R) |
| Radioactivity | General term for the processes by which atoms with unstable nuclei radiate excess energy in the form of particles and energy |
| Mass is the quantity of matter contained in an object | |
| Matter | Anything that exists in physical form and has mass; a solid, liquid, or gas |
| Energy | The ability to do work or to change something. It can take the form of mechanical energy, heat, light, or electrical energy and is measured in the SI unit called the joule (J). |
| British unit measure for mass is? | Pound |
| SI unit measure for mass is? | Kilogram |
| SI unit measure for length is? | Meter |
| What is the following unit of measure that is common to the British system and the SI? | Second |
| Which is based on the vibration of cesium atoms? | The SI standard for time |
| Which of the following is based on the force of gravity exerted on the body? | Pound |
| What is not a fundamental of quantities? | Velocity |
| Work | The application of force to an object; the product of force times the distance the object is moved. The SI unit of work is the joule. |
| Power | The rate at which work is done, defined as work divided by time. |
| Velocity formula | is equal to distance divided by time and is expressed in meters per second (m/s). The formula is v = d/t. We use the fundamental quantities of length and time to find velocity. |
| Acceleration formula | is found by subtracting the initial velocity from the final velocity and dividing that by the time. The formula is shown on the left and is expressed in meters/second squared m/s2. A=Vt-Vo ------ t |
| Force formula | It is equal to the mass times the acceleration and is expressed in newtons(N). F=MA |
| Momentum formula | Is equal to the mass times the velocity and is expressed in kilograms-meters per second (kg-m/s) P=MV |
| Work formula | Is equal to force times the difference and is expressed in Joules (J).To find work we use mass, distance and time. Mass and time are through force. W=FD |
| Power formula | Is equal to work divided by time and is expressed in watts (W). To find power we use mass, distance, and time. Mass and distance are through work. P=w/t |
| Inertia | The property of an object with mass to resist a change in its state of motion. Objects at rest will continue to stay at rest, and objects in motion will continue to move at the same velocity and direction. |
| Newtons first law: Inertia | A body will remain at rest or continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force. |
| Chemical energy | Is the energy resulting from chemical reaction |
| Electrical energy | Is the energy resulting from the flow of electricity. |
| Thermal energy | Is the energy resulting from the motion of atoms or molecules. |
| Electromagnetic energy | Is a form of energy that exists as an electric and magnetic disturbance. |
| Potential energy | Stored energy; abbreviated as PE. PE = mgh |
| Kinetic energy | The energy of an object in motion; abbreviated as KE. KE = 1/2 mv2. |
| The tendency of an object to resist change to its state of motion is | Inertia |
| What is the state of energy? | Kinetic |
| SI unit for number of electrons liberated in air? | Coulomb/kilogram |
| Standard unit for occupational exposure? | rem |
| Standard unit for radioactivity? | Curie |
| SI unit for radioactivity? | Becquerel |
| SI unit for exposure to radiation workers? | Seivert |
| Standard unit for absorbed dose? | rad |
| Standard unit for exposure in air? | Roentgen |
| SI unit for dose? | Gray |
| What is not a derived quantity? | Mass |
| A unit of measure is a value agreed upon by society to give meaning to a quantity | True |
| What is the unit of measure for a fundamental quantity? | Kilogram |
| Which system uses the force of gravity to define mass? | British system |
| which is solely a property of mass? | Inertia |
| Which of the following is expressed in kg-m/s? | Momentum |
| SI unit for exposure | Coulomb/kilogram |
| The SI unit of measure for the dose that a radiation therapy patient receives is? | Gray |
| What is defined as the number of individual atoms decaying per second? | Becquerel |
| 1 Rad is = to 10^-2Gy | |
| 1 Rem is = to 10^-2Sv | |
| 1Ci is = to 3.7x10^10 Bq |
Created by:
volcomgrl12