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Astronomy exam #2
Astronomy 100 - exam #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| True or False: Some celestial objects that are invisible to the eye emit vast quantities of electromagnetic energy. | True |
| The primary lens of a telescope through which light first passes is called the __________ lens. | Objective |
| The angle between two lines that start at the observer and go to the opposite side of an ojbect is called ___________ size. | Angular |
| Refraction is ..... | Bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another |
| Dispersion is .... | Separation of light into its various wavelengths |
| Diffraction is .... | Bending of waves as they pass by an obstacle |
| Resolution is .... | The smallest angular separation detectable |
| The primary purpose of the objective of a telescope is to..... | Gather light |
| If the focal length of a certain telescopes's objective is 120 cm and the focal length of the eyepiece is 1.2 cm, the magnification of the telescope is... | 100 - use the formula: M = f obj/f eye (120 is the f obj and 1.2 is the f eye) = 120 cm/1.2 cm = 100 |
| Suppose that you have a (good) relecting telescope and a (good) refracting telescope with the same diameter objective. Which has a secondary mirror? | The reflector |
| Suppose that you have a (good) reflecting telescope and a (good) refracting telescope with the same diameter objective. Which one has an objective that did not require correction for chromatic abberation as it was constructed? | The reflector |
| In general, as the magnification of a telescope is increased.... | The field of view of the telescrope is decreased |
| The light-gathering power of a 10-inch telescope is _______ times that of a 4-inch telescope. | 6.25 - use the formula (d1)^2/(d2)^2 (10 is d1 and 4 is d2) = (10)^2/(4)^2 = 100/16 = 6.25 |
| "A procedure that allows a number of telescopes to be used as done" describes... | Interferometry |
| The reason that many major telescopes are placed on high mountains is to ... | get them above as much atmosphere as possible |
| The Hubble Telescope is located in.... | space |
| True or False: The poles of the Earth's magnetic field are located at the poles of the Earth's rotation axis. | False - the poles are not directly located on the magnetic field. They are slightly off |
| True or False: The Earth's rotational speed is being slowed down by tidal friction. | True |
| Light radiated in the upper atmosphere due to the impact of charged particles is called the .... | aurora |
| The portion of the atmosphere, called the ___________ is where all our weather occurs. | Troposphere |
| Ozone is an efficient absorber of ________ radiation. | Ultraviolet |
| The Earth at the closest distance to the Sun is the .... | Perihelion |
| The Moon at the closest distance to the Earth is the .... | Perigee |
| The Moon at the farthest distance from the Earth is the ... | Apogee |
| The Earth at the farthest distance from the Sun is the... | Aphelion |
| The small-angle formula is the... | angular size, distance, actual diameter |
| Spring tides are ... | When solar and lunar tides correspond |
| Oblateness is... | A measure of the flatness of an object |
| Neap tides are... | When solar and lunar tides are partly canceling each other |
| The size of the Moon was first calculated from... | Knowledge of the distance to the Moon and its angular diameter |
| If we lived on the Moon, the time from sunrise to sunset would be about how long? | 2 weeks - 30 days is approximately a 4 week rotation on the Moon's axis (a Moon's full day) |
| What will cause Polaris to lose its place as the "North Star"? | Precession (wobbling) |
| The thick, solid layer between the crust and the core of the Earth is called the ... | Mantle |
| Differentation is the ... | sinking of denser material toward the center of planets (or other objects) |
| Why are craters more visible on the Moon than on Earth? | The Earth's atmosphere stops and/or slows the progress of meteorites AND the weather on Earth has removed evidence of old craters |
| It now appears that the best theory for the Moon's origin is the .... | Large impact theory |
| True or False: Every planet has at least one natural satellite. | False - Mercury and Venus both do not have any |
| True or False: The Sun makes up about half of the mass of the entire solar system. | False - The Sun makes up almost all of the mass of the entire solar system - 99.85% |
| Compared to the other sever planets, the orbit of the planet _______ has the largest inclination. | Mercury |
| In our solar system, _______ is the planet that is the farthest from the Sun. | Neptune |
| Which of these planets has rings? Uranus; Earth; Venus; Mars; Mercury | Uranus |
| Which of these planets has the least atmosphere? Uranus; Earth; Venus; Mars; Mercury | Mercury |
| Suppose it takes 6 minutes for radar to reach some planet and bounce back to Earth. How far away is that planet (in astronomical units), and what planet could it be? (The speed of light is 300,000 km/sec and 1 AU = 1.5 x 10^8 km) | .36 AU. It must be Venus. Use the formula d=vt |
| Which planets revolve around the Sun in the same direction that Earth does? | All of the planets |
| Which of the following planets has a rotational direction opposite from Earth's? | Venus and Uranus |
| Which of the following ojects has an orbit so eccentric that its orbit loops inside that of another planet? | Pluto |
| The Jovian planets have high masses but low average densities. This implies that... | they are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium |
| What is the correct list of the planets Earth, Mercury and Venus from smallest to greatest? | Mercury, Venus, Earth |
| True or False: Mercury has a substaintial atmosphere. | False - Mercury's atmosphere is almost non-exsistant |
| A catastrophe theory of the development of the solar system is one that ... | hold that the solar system formed because of a collision |
| True or False: The surface of Venus is not visible from above its atmosphere. | True |
| True or False: Mars has seasons. | True |
| It is _______ that gives Mars its red color. | Rust |
| It is difficult to observe Mercury from Earth because... | it is a very small object with very small albedo AND its orbit keeps it close to the Sun |
| Mercury rotates around its axis ______ times during two orbits around the Sun. | 3 |
| The greenhouse effect keeps Venus hot because... | the atmosphere is rich in carbon dioxide |
| In which of the following is Venus NOT similar to Earth? its mass; its size; its density; the length of its day | The length of its day |
| Valles Marineris is a ... | large valley on Mars |
| The polar caps on Mars are most likely made up of ... | water and dry ices |
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juret7674