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changing earth's sur

earths surface

QuestionAnswer
erosion process by which natural forces move weathered rock & soil from one place to another
forces that cause erosion gravity, running water, glaciers, waves, wind
sediment material moved by erosion
where does deposition occur where the agents or erosion deposit or lay down sediment
gravity does the following pulls things toward earth's center causes landslides causes mass movement is a force of erosion
mass movement includes landslides, mudflows, slump, creep
landslide rock and soil slide quickly down a steep slope
mudflow mixture of water, rock and soil moves rapidly downhill
slump rock and soil suddenly slip down a slope in one large mass
creep rock and soil move very slowly downhill
erosion moving water is the major agent of
run off water that moves over Earth's surface when it rains
four factors that determine the amount of runoff in an area amount of rain, type of soil, vegetation, shape of land
true or false more run off generally means less erosion false
rills water moving in a tiny groove in soil after a rainstorm
gully water moving in a channel after a rainstorm
stream water continually flowing down a slope through its own channel
river water flowing downhill in a large channel
which form of moving water causes the greatest changes in the shape of the land stream because its continually flowing
tributary a stream that flows into a larger stream
flood plain area of land from which a river and its tributaries collect water
how do V-shaped valleys form by the steep slopes along a river eroding rapidly
whenn does a river develop meanders? a river often develops meanders where it flows through easily eroded rock/sediment
oxbow lake a meander that has been cut off from a river
two landforms created from deposits by rivers alluvial fans & deltas
alluvial fan wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
delta sediments deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake
river valley fertile deposition of new soil over a flood plain is what makes a river valley fertile
groundwater underground water
true or false unlike moving surface water, groundwater doesn't cause erosion false
how does groundwater cause chemical weathering of limestone? when is sinks into the ground it combines with carbon dioxide to form a weak acid called carbonic acid which breaks down limestone
stalactite comes from roof of cave water containing carbonic acid and calcium from limestone drips from a caves roof
stalagmite comes from floor of cave carbon dioxide is released from solution, leaving behind a deposit of calcite slowly dripping builds up a cone-shaped stalagmite
how are deposits of stalactie and stalagmite similar they both involve carbonic acid on llimestone
how are deposits of stalactite and stalagmite different one fomr on the roof of the cave and one on the floor
true or false an area where sinkholes are common is said to have karst topography true
energy ability to do work or cause change
potential energy energy that is stored and waiting to be used later
kinetic energy energy ann object has due to its motion
abrasion wearing away of rock by a grinding action
load amount of sediment that a river carries its load
friction force that apposes the motion of ones surface as it moves across another surface
turbulence a type of movement of water in which rather than moving downstream the water moves every which way
energy ability to do work or cause change
potential energy energy that is stored for later use
what ways can sediment enter a river most sediment washes or falls into a river as a result of mass movement and runoff. Other sediment erodes from the bottom of sides of the river.
abrasion wearing away of rock by a grinding action
true or false sediment in a river abrades the streambed and is abraded by the streambed in return true
true statements about a river's sediment gravity and force of water cause sediment to move down-stream some sediment is disssolved by water and carried in solution
a river's power to erode depends on slope, volume flow, streambed shape
what describes a river with very little power to erode. a river's slope volume of flow and the shape of its streambed all effect how fast the river flows and how much sediment it can erode
true false when a river slows down and deposits its sediment load, smaller particles of sediment are deposited first false
what increases the speeed of a river? steep slope, deep streambed
what factor decreases the speed of a river gentle slope, shallow streambed, boulders in streambed
flow volume of water that moves past a point on a river in a given time
friction force that opposes the motion of one surface across another
turbulence movement of water every which way instead of downstream
true false where a river flows in a straight line, the water flows faster along the river's sides thatn near its center false
glacier any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land
true facts about continental glaciers they are larger than valley glaciers they spread out over wide areas
what are ice ages? the times in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth's surface
true false The most recent ice age ended about 10,000 years ago? true
true false all of North America was covered by a continental glacier in the last ice age false
true about valley glaciers they are generally long, narrow glaciers they are found on many high mountains they usually move down valleys
where can glaciers form? glaciers can form only in area where more snow falls than melts
when does gravity begin to pull a glacier downhill? once the depth of snow and ice reaches more than 30 to 40 meters
continental glacier flows in all directions
valley glacier flows in a surge
relate the movement of continental glaciers to why they cover Antarctica and most of Greenland its not contained it just spreads out and can be more than 3 kilometers thick
list 2 processes by which glaciers erode the land plucking and abrasion
true or false plucking can move only small stones false
describe abrasion and how it affects bedrock abrasion affects bedrock by scratching it
when does a glacier deposit the sediment it is carrying? when a glacier melts it deposits the sediment it erodes from the land crating various landforms
till mixture of sediments a glacier deposits on the surface
moraine ridge formed at the edge of a glacier
terminal moraine ridge at the farthest point reached by a glacier
drumlin long mound of till that is smoothed in the direction of the glacier's flow
kettle small depression formed by a chunk of ice when it melts
cirque bowl-shaped hollow eroded by a glacier
arete sharp ridege separating two cirques
fiord sea-filled valley cut by a glacier in a coastal reagion
explain the difference between glacial erosion and glacial deposition erosion is the process of ice and stuff pulling up rocks and glacial deposition is the result of landforms that are formed because the till left from the erosion
facts about energy waves comes from wind moves water particles up and down moves across the water
what part of the water is affected by a wave in deep water? water shape the coast through erosion by breaking down rock and transporting sand and other sediment
facts about a wave approaching land it begins to drag on the bottom encounters more friction moves the water toward the land
true/false waves are the major force of erosion along coasts true
two ways that waves erode land impact and abrasion
headland part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean because it is made of harder rock
list three landforms created by wave erosion wave-cut cliff, sea cave, sea-arch
beach an area of wave-washed sediment along a coast
longshore drift process in which beach sediment is moved down the beach with the current
how does a spit form? longshore drifts form a spit
sand dune a deposit of wind-blown sand
true false wind is the stongest agent of erosion false
why is wind effective in causing erosion in deserts by carrying bouncing or sliding them by a process called deflation
true statements about deflation main way wind causes erosion can create blowouts can create desert pavement
true statements about abrasion by wind-carried sand can polish rock, causes little erosion
Created by: salbal
 

 



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